Chapter 7 Respiratory System Ii

Front 1

alveolar

Back 1

pertaining to the alveoli

Front 2

bronchial

Back 2

pertaining to a bronchus

Front 3

bronchiolar

Back 3

pertaining to a bronchiole

Front 4

diaphragmatic

Back 4

pertaining to the diaphragm

Front 5

epiglottic

Back 5

pertaining to the epiglottis

Front 6

laryngeal

Back 6

pertaining to the larynx

Front 7

nasal

Back 7

pertaining to the nose

Front 8

nasopharyngeal

Back 8

pertaining to the nose and pharynx

Front 9

paranasal

Back 9

pertaining to beside the nose

Front 10

pharyngeal

Back 10

pertaining to the pharynx

Front 11

pleural

Back 11

pertaining to the pleura

Front 12

pulmonary

Back 12

pertaining to a lung

Front 13

septal

Back 13

pertaining to the nasal septum

Front 14

thoracic

Back 14

pertaining to the chest

Front 15

tracheal

Back 15

pertaining to the trachea

Front 16

internal medicine

Back 16

Branch of medicine involving the diagnosis and treatment of diseases and conditions of internal organs such as the respiratory system; physician is an internist

Front 17

otorhinolaryngology

Back 17

Branch of medicine involving the diagnosis and treatment of conditions and diseases of the ear, nose, and throat region; physician is an otorhinolaryngologist

Front 18

pulmonology

Back 18

Branch of medicine involved in the diagnosis and treatment of diseases and disorders of the respiratory system; physician is a pulmonologist

Front 19

respiratory therapy

Back 19

Allied health specialty that assists patients with respiratory and cardiopulmonary disorders. Duties of a respiratory therapist include conducting pulmonary function tests, monitoring oxygen and carbon dioxide levels in the blood, and ventilator management.

Front 20

thoracic surgery

Back 20

Branch of medicine involving the diagnosis and treatment of conditions and diseases of the respiratory system by surgical means; physician is a thoracic surgeon.

Front 21

anosmia

Back 21

lack of the sense of smell

Front 22

anoxia

Back 22

unable to obtain oxygen from inhaled air

Front 23

aphonia

Back 23

being unable to produce sound/voice

Front 24

apnea

Back 24

not breathing

Front 25

asphyxia

Back 25

lack of oxygen; can lead to unconsciousness and death

Front 26

aspiration

Back 26

withdrawing fluid using suction; removing phlegm from patient's airway; inhaling food or liquid into trachea

Front 27

bradypnea

Back 27

breathing too slowly; low respiratory rate

Front 28

bronchiectasis

Back 28

having dilated bronchi

Front 29

bronchospasm

Back 29

involuntary contraction of smooth muscle in bronchial walls

Front 30

Cheyne-Stokes respiration

Back 30

abnormal breathing pattern long periods of apnea followed by deep and rapid breathing

Front 31

clubbing

Back 31

abnormal widening and thickening of fingers due to chronic oxygen deficiency

Front 32

crackles

Back 32

abnormal crackling sound during inspiration; indicates fluid or mucus in airway; also called rales

Front 33

cyanosis

Back 33

blue skin caused by low oxygen in blood

Front 34

dysphonia

Back 34

difficulty producing sound

Front 35

dyspnea

Back 35

difficult or labored breathing

Front 36

epistaxis

Back 36

a nosebleed

Front 37

eupnea

Back 37

normal breathing and respiratory rate

Front 38

hemoptysis

Back 38

cough up blood or blood-stained sputum

Front 39

hemothorax

Back 39

presence of blood in the chest cavity

Front 40

hypercapnia

Back 40

excessive carbon dioxide in the body

Front 41

hyperpnea

Back 41

taking deep breaths

Front 42

hyperventilation

Back 42

breathing too fast and too deep

Front 43

hypocapnia

Back 43

insufficient levels of carbon dioxide in the blood

Front 44

hypopnea

Back 44

taking shallow breaths

Front 45

hypoventilation

Back 45

breathing too slow and too shallow

Front 46

hypoxemia

Back 46

having insufficient oxygen in the bloodstream

Front 47

hypoxia

Back 47

receiving insufficient amount of oxygen from inhaled air

Front 48

laryngoplegia

Back 48

paralysis of the muscles controlling the larynx

Front 49

orthopnea

Back 49

difficulty breathing made worse by lying flat; patient breaths better sitting up

Front 50

pansinusitis

Back 50

inflammation of all the paranasal sinuses

Front 51

patent

Back 51

open or unblocked

Front 52

phlegm

Back 52

thick mucus secreted by respiratory tract

Front 53

pleural rub

Back 53

grating sound made when layers of pleura rub together during respiration

Front 54

pleurodynia

Back 54

pleural pain

Front 55

pyothorax

Back 55

presence of pus in the chest cavity

Front 56

rhinitis

Back 56

inflammation of the nasal cavity

Front 57

rhinorrhagia

Back 57

rapid flow of blood from the nose

Front 58

rhinorrhea

Back 58

fluid discharge from the nose; runny nose

Front 59

rhonchi

Back 59

musical sound during expiration; caused by bronchial tube spasms

Front 60

shortness of breath (SOB)

Back 60

indicated that a patient is having difficulty breathing; also called dyspnea

Front 61

sputum

Back 61

phlegm coughed up from respiratory tract

Front 62

stridor

Back 62

harsh, high-pitched breath sound; indicates obstruction in the airway

Front 63

tachypnea

Back 63

breathing fast; high respiratory rate

Front 64

thoracalgia

Back 64

chest pain; not angina pectoris

Front 65

tracheostenosis

Back 65

narrowing of the trachea

Front 66

croup

Back 66

acute respiratory condition in children; characterized by barking type of cough

Front 67

diphtheria

Back 67

bacterial infection characterized by formation of thick membranous film across throat; high mortality rate

Front 68

laryngitis

Back 68

inflammation of the larynx

Front 69

naso-pharyngitis

Back 69

inflammation of the nose and pharynx; commonly called the common cold

Front 70

pertussis

Back 70

bacterial infection of upper respiratory system; characterized by whooping cough

Front 71

pharyngitis

Back 71

inflammation of the pharynx; commonly called a sore throat

Front 72

rhinomycosis

Back 72

fungal infection of the nasal cavity

Front 73

asthma

Back 73

difficulty breathing caused by bronchospasms, dyspnea, coughing, and wheezing

Front 74

bronchiectasis

Back 74

enlarged bronchi due to destruction of bronchial wall; result of infections

Front 75

bronchitis

Back 75

inflammation of the bronchus

Front 76

bronchogenic carcinoma

Back 76

cancerous tumor originating in bronchi

Front 77

adult respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS)

Back 77

acute respiratory failure; characterized by tachypnea, dyspnea, cyanosis, and hypoxemia

Front 78

anthracosis

Back 78

type of pneumoconiosis; coal dust collecting in lungs; also called black lung or miner's lung

Front 79

asbestosis

Back 79

type of pneumoconiosis; asbestos fibers collecting in lungs

Front 80

atelectasis

Back 80

condition in which alveoli in a portion of lung collapses; prevents gas exchange in lung

Front 81

chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)

Back 81

progressive, chronic, and usually irreversible group of conditions; like emphysema; lungs have decreased capacity to function

Front 82

cystic fibrosis (CF)

Back 82

genetic condition; produces very thick mucus that causes severe congestion in lungs

Front 83

emphysema

Back 83

chronic lung condition characterized by destruction of alveolar walls

Front 84

histoplasmosis

Back 84

fungal infection of the lungs

Front 85

infant respiratory distress syndrome (IRDS)

Back 85

most common in premature infants; characterized by tachypnea; previously called hyaline membrane disease

Front 86

influenza (flu)

Back 86

viral infection of respiratory system

Front 87

Legionnaires' disease

Back 87

severe bacterial infection causing pneumonia, liver, and kidney damage

Front 88

Mycoplasma pneumonia

Back 88

less severe but longer lasting form of bacterial pneumonia; also called walking pneumonia

Front 89

pneumoconiosis

Back 89

accumulation of foreign particles, such as coal dust, in the lungs

Front 90

pneumonia

Back 90

inflammatory condition of lungs; results in alveoli filling with fluid

Front 91

pulmonary edema

Back 91

excessive amount of tissue fluid accumulating in the lung tissues

Front 92

pulmonary embolism

Back 92

floating blood clot obstructs pulmonary artery; causes infarct of lung tissue

Front 93

pulmonary fibrosis

Back 93

formation of fibrous scar tissue in lung; reduced ability to expand lungs

Front 94

severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS)

Back 94

acute viral respiratory infection; begins like flu but quickly progresses; very high mortality rate

Front 95

silicosis

Back 95

type of pneumoconiosis; accumulation of silica dust in lungs

Front 96

sleep apnea

Back 96

breathing stops repeatedly during sleep; causes drop in oxygen levels

Front 97

sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS)

Back 97

unexpected and unexplained death of apparently well infant; stops breathing for unknown reasons

Front 98

tuberculosis (TB)

Back 98

bacterial lung infection; results in inflammation and calcification of lungs

Front 99

empyema

Back 99

accumulation of pus in pleural space; also called pyothorax

Front 100

pleural effusion

Back 100

accumulation of fluid in pleural cavity; prevents lungs from fully expanding

Front 101

pleurisy

Back 101

inflammation of pleura; characterized by sharp pain with each breath

Front 102

pneumothorax

Back 102

collection of air in pleural cavity; may result in collapsed lung

Front 103

bronchogram

Back 103

X-ray record of the lungs

Front 104

bronchography

Back 104

X-ray of lung after inhaling radiopaque substance

Front 105

chest X-ray

Back 105

X-ray of the organs of the thoracic cavity

Front 106

pulmonary angiography

Back 106

X-ray of lungs after injecting dye into blood vessel

Front 107

ventilation-perfusion scan

Back 107

nuclear medicine test; radioactive air is inhaled for ventilation portion; radioactive dye is injected for perfusion portion; looks for pulmonary emboli

Front 108

bronchoscope

Back 108

instrument used to visually examine the bronchial tubes

Front 109

bronchoscopy (Bronch)

Back 109

visually examination of bronchial tubes using a bronchoscope

Front 110

laryngoscope

Back 110

instrument used to visually examine the larynx

Front 111

laryngoscopy

Back 111

visual examination of larynx using a laryngoscope

Front 112

oximeter

Back 112

instrument used to measure oxygen

Front 113

oximetry

Back 113

measures oxygen level in blood; uses oximeter on patient's finger tip

Front 114

pulmonary function test (PFT)

Back 114

group of tests to measure air flow in and out of lungs, lung volumes, and gas exchange

Front 115

spirometer

Back 115

instrument used to measure lung capacity

Front 116

spirometry

Back 116

measures lung capacity using a spirometer

Front 117

polysomnography

Back 117

monitoring patient sleeping to identify sleep apnea

Front 118

sweat test

Back 118

test for cystic fibrosis; this disease causes large amount of salt in sweat

Front 119

tuberculin skin tests (TB test)

Back 119

introducing purified protein derivative (PPD) under the skin; determines if person has been exposed to TB

Front 120

aerosol therapy

Back 120

medication suspended in a mist and inhaled; delivered by a nebulizer or metered dose inhaler (single puff dose)

Front 121

endotracheal intubation

Back 121

placing a tube through the mouth and into the trachea to keep airway open

Front 122

intermittent positive pressure breathing (IPPB)

Back 122

method for assisting patients in breathing with a machine that produces and increase in positive thoracic pressure

Front 123

nasal cannula

Back 123

two-pronged plastic device to deliver oxygen into the nose

Front 124

postural drainage

Back 124

drainage of bronchial secretions by placing patient in positions using gravity to promote drainage; cystic fibrosis treatment

Front 125

supplement oxygen therapy

Back 125

providing additional oxygen concentration to improve oxygen levels in bloodstream

Front 126

ventilator

Back 126

machine that provides artificial ventilation for a patient unable to breathe alone

Front 127

bronchoplasty

Back 127

surgical repair of a bronchus

Front 128

laryngectomy

Back 128

surgical removal of the larynx

Front 129

laryngoplasty

Back 129

surgical repair of the larynx

Front 130

lobectomy

Back 130

surgical removal of a lung lobe

Front 131

pleurectomy

Back 131

surgical removal of the pleura

Front 132

pleurocentesis

Back 132

withdrawing fluid from the pleural space

Front 133

pneumonectomy

Back 133

surgical removal of an entire lung

Front 134

rhinoplasty

Back 134

surgical repair of the nose

Front 135

thoracentesis

Back 135

surgical puncture of chest wall to remove fluids; also called thoracocentesis

Front 136

thoracostomy

Back 136

insertion of tube (a chest tube) into chest to drain off fluid or air

Front 137

thoracotomy

Back 137

cutting into the chest cavity

Front 138

tracheotomy

Back 138

emergency procedure to create an opening directly into trachea; also called tracheostomy

Front 139

cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR)

Back 139

emergency treatment given to persons when respiration and heart stop

Front 140

Heimlich maneuver

Back 140

technique for removing foreign body obstructing trachea or pharynx

Front 141

percussion

Back 141

using fingers to tap on surface to determine condition beneath surface

Front 142

ABGs

Back 142

atrial blood gases

Front 143

ARDS

Back 143

adult respiratory distress syndrome

Front 144

Bronch

Back 144

bronchoscopy

Front 145

CO₂

Back 145

carbon dioxide

Front 146

COPD

Back 146

chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

Front 147

CPR

Back 147

cardiopulmonary resuscitation

Front 148

C&S

Back 148

culture and sensitivity

Front 149

CF

Back 149

cystic fibrosis

Front 150

CTA

Back 150

clear to auscultation

Front 151

CXR

Back 151

chest X-ray

Front 152

DOE

Back 152

dyspnea on exertion

Front 153

DPT

Back 153

diphtheria, pertussis, tetanus

Front 154

ENT

Back 154

ear, nose, and throat

Front 155

ERV

Back 155

expiratory reserve volume

Front 156

flu

Back 156

influenza

Front 157

FRC

Back 157

functional residual capacity

Front 158

HMD

Back 158

hyaline membrane disease

Front 159

IC

Back 159

inspiratory capacity

Front 160

IPPB

Back 160

intermittent positive pressure breathing

Front 161

IRDS

Back 161

infant respiratory distress syndrome

Front 162

IRV

Back 162

inspiratory reserve volume

Front 163

LLL

Back 163

left lower lung

Front 164

LUL

Back 164

left upper lung

Front 165

MDI

Back 165

metered dose inhaler

Front 166

O₂

Back 166

oxygen

Front 167

PFT

Back 167

pulmonary function test

Front 168

PPD

Back 168

purified protein derivative

Front 169

R

Back 169

respiration

Front 170

RA

Back 170

room air

Front 171

RDS

Back 171

respiratory distress syndrome

Front 172

RLL

Back 172

right lower lung

Front 173

RML

Back 173

right middle lung

Front 174

RRT

Back 174

registered respiratory therapist

Front 175

RV

Back 175

residual volume

Front 176

RUL

Back 176

right upper lung

Front 177

SARS

Back 177

severe acute respiratory syndrome

Front 178

SIDS

Back 178

sudden infant death syndrome

Front 179

SOB

Back 179

shortness of breath

Front 180

TB

Back 180

tuberculosis

Front 181

TLC

Back 181

total lung capacity

Front 182

TPR

Back 182

temperature, pulse, respiration

Front 183

TV

Back 183

tidal volume

Front 184

URI

Back 184

upper respiratory infection

Front 185

VC

Back 185

vital capacity