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19 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Achaemenid empire |
first persian empire from Medes and Persians, were indo europenan, organized by clans, expert archers, led by cyrus. ruled in Pasargadae. took over lydia |
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Medes and Persians |
migrated from central asia to persia, were subjected to babyloians, similar to aryans , pastoralists, good military power |
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Cyrus |
launched persian empire, came from mountains, in three years took over Iran, conquered lydia, central asia, babylonia. established achaemenid empire |
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Darius |
greatest Achaemenid emperor. went to NW india, Macedonia, black sea. had mountains, valleys. touched arian, aral. 70 different ethnic groups, standardized coin system.35 million people |
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Persepolis |
capital of the Achaemenid, administrative center and momnument. reception halls, royal resiedence, treasury. ministers, diplomacy |
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satrapies/ satraps |
achaemenid version of governor, oversaw affairs, Darius divided realm into 23 satrapies. |
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what are satrapies |
administrative and taxation districts goverened by satrap |
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Persian royal road |
2,500 km, 90 days to cross it in caravan. had courrier system, postal stations to restock. messengers carried message in two weeks. meso and egypt trade. |
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Qanat |
underground cnals that led to enhanced agri production. water was scarce, and underground canals could keep water from evaporating. |
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xerxes |
succesor of Darius, dificult relationships with egypt and meso began to rebel, repressed rebellions, was cruel |
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Persian wars |
fought constantly with greek from Ionian cities. rebelled and killed governors. led darius to attempt to take over them, failed twice. |
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Alexander of Macedon |
ended persian war, invaded persia with army of 18,000 macedonians, better military tacticts, dissolved empire, proclaimed himself heir to the Achaenemicd, buried persopolis. |
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The seleucids |
victor was selecucus, commander of elite guards. kept same system of admin and taxes. attracted greek colonists. made new cities. satraphs revolted against foreign rule. most became independent. parthians took over them. |
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The parthians |
rulers of powerful empire in iran and meso. went to meso. had nomadic traditions from steppes, no centralized gov, had federation of leaders councils. heavy cavalry |
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Sasanids |
came from persia took over parthians, capital was ctsephsds. refurbished citties. introduced cultivation of rice, sugar cane. defeated some roman armies. fought with rome, byzantine. arab warriors killed last leader |
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Zarathrustra |
made zoroastrianism. came from aristract family. priest who didnt like tradiontal religion. didnt like sacrifices. became convinced the supreme god Ahura Mazda picked him as a prophet. |
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avesta |
holy book where scriptures of zarathrusta were kept by sasanids |
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The gathas |
zoroastrian hyms believed to be composition by propher in honor of deities. |
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zoroastriniasm |
persian religion based on prophet. duality of good and evil, rule of individuals in determing own fate evil god (Angya mainyu). good beats evil, people get redemption, heaven hell, affected christianity |
