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blood urea nitrogen (BUN)
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Measurement of urea levels in blood. Normally, the blood urea level is low because urea is excreted in the urine continuously. However, when the kidney is diseased or fails, urea accumulates in the blood (uremia), leading to unconsciousness and death.
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creatinine clearance
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Measures the rate at which creatinine is cleared from the blood by the kidney. A blood sample is drawn and the creatinine is compared with the amount of creatinine excreted in the urine during a fixed time period. If the kidney is not functioning well in its job of clearing creatinine from the blood, the amount of creatinine in the blood will be high relative to the amount in urine. This is the most widely used test to access excretory function of the kidneys.
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