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20 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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When may proteinuria be present
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-on UA -as edema cuased by reduced oncotic presure from serum albumin loss |
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Lab results of proteinuria
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-dipstick albumin in concentrations of 30 mg/dL -300-500 mg of proteinuria per day |
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When may false positives of proteinuria be seen |
-dehydration and hematuria (both can be detected on a dipstick **specific gravity and hemoglobin) -when there is a low molecular weight tubular protein (not albumin) |
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Examples of low molecular weight tubular proteins
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-immunoglobulin light chains in myeloma -beta-2 microglobulin |
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How much proteinuria occurs in nephrotic syndrome
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->3.5 grams er day
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When should systemic disease be suspected in a person with proteinuria
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-presence of fever, rash or arthritis
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Clinical findings in diabetes
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-microalbuminuria (early marker of nephropathy) & appears before urine dipstick can detect proteinuria -glycosuria |
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What drugs/class of drugs can cause proteinuria or renal injury
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-NSAIDS -chronic acetaminophen -contrast media -ACE inhibitors -heroin -mercury -bismuth -gold and penicillamine |
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Clincial findings of acute tubular necrosis
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-"dirty" casts on UA (large/pigmented/brown) -tubular proteinuria occurs with acute illness |
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Clinical findings of glomerulonephritis
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-urine sediment will show red cells or red cell casts -marked proteinuria usually caused by glomerular injury |
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What is the most common cause of glomerulonephritis |
-membranous glomerulonephritis most common cause
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Clinical findings of systemic lupus erythematosus
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-microscoic hematuria -malar-distribution rash -arthritis -Raynaud phenomenon |
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Clinical findings of proteinuria in relation to orthostatic position
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-transient orthostatic or exercise-induced proteinuria is benign -proteinuria may be evanescent by changes in position or testing before and after exertion |
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Clinical findings of toxemia in regard to proteinuria
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-typically occuring in 3rd trimester in a primigravida -manifest w/ proteinuria, accelerated HTN & edema |
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Clinical findings of polycystic kidneys
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-onset 3rd or 4th decade -HTN, flank pain, hematuria, palpaple lumpy kidney -Hx of renal stones |
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Clinical findings of interstitial nephritis
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-hematuria -fever -maculopapular rash -usually associated with the use of antibiotics -urinary eosinophils occassionally found |
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what antibiotic is associated with interstitial nephritis
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-methicillin
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Clinical findings of renal vein thrombosis
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-acute flank pain -hematuria -sudden appearance of a left varicocele |
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Clinical findings of multiple myeloma
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-the dipstick will be negative or weakly positive -bone pain (back and ribs) |
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Clinical findings of amyloidosis in the presence and absence of systemic disease
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**if occuring in the absence of systemic disease -enlarged palpable kidney -benign sediment **in the presence of systemic disease -neuropathy -macroglossia -waxy hemorrhagic periorbital plaques |
