Chapter 6-Lipids, Membranes And The First Cells

Front 1

Cell membrane

Back 1

AKA the plasma membrane. separates life from non life. separates the cell interior from the exterior. they: keep damaging materials out of the cell,allow entry of materials if needed, facilitate the chemical reactions needed for life.

Front 2

Lipids

Back 2

Carbon containing compound that are found in organisms that are largely nonpolar and hydrophobic.

Front 3

Hydrocarbons

Back 3

nonpolar molecules that contain only hydrogen and carbon.

Front 4

Fatty Acids

Back 4

the reasons why lipids dont dissolve in water. it is a major hydrocarbon component. they are isoprene, meaning that it is an unsaturated hydrocarbon

Front 5

three most important types of lipids

Back 5

1. fats-linked to glycerol.
2. steroids
3. phospholipids

Front 6

phospholipids

Back 6

has a polar hydrophillic (head) area and a nonpolar hydrophobic (tail) area

Front 7

What happens when phospholipids come into contact with water?

Back 7

-become micilles
-phospholipid bilayer (form spontaneously, with no input of energy). they have selective permeability

Front 8

factors that affect phospholipid bilayer permeability

Back 8

-number of double bonds between the carbons in the tail
-length of the tail
-number of cholesterol molecules in the membrane
-temperature
-small or nonpolar molecules move across quickly
-charged or large move slowly, if at all

Front 9

Unsaturated fat

Back 9

at least one carbon-carbon double bond. produce kinds in the fatty acid chains and decrease the compounds melting point

Front 10

Saturated fat

Back 10

all the carbon-carbon bonds are single bonds. high melting points.

Front 11

fluid mosaic model

Back 11

hypothesis that the plasma membrane and organelle membranes consist of proteins embedded in a fluid phospholipid bilayer. this makes the model a fluid dynamic of protein and phospholipids.

Front 12

integral proteins

Back 12

any membrane protein that spans the length of the entire lipid bilayer

Front 13

peripheral proteins

Back 13

any membrane protein that does not span the length of the entire lipid bilayer and associates with only one side of the bilayer. often attached to the integral proteins.

Front 14

transport proteins

Back 14

transmembrane proteins that transport molecules. 3 classes: channels, carrier proteins, or pumps

Front 15

Channels

Back 15

Create an electrochemical gradient.

Front 16

carrier proteins

Back 16

each allows a specific molecule to admit. uses facilitated diffusion-the passive transport of something that would not be regularly admitted.

Front 17

Pumps

Back 17

use active transport. they are membrane proteins that provide active transport of molecules across the membrane. Uses ATP