Chapter 6: General Anatomy And Physiology

Front 1

Abductor Digiti Minimi

Back 1

Muscle that separates the fingers and toes

Front 2

Abductor Hallucis

Back 2

Muscle that moves the toes and helps maintain balance while walking and standing

Front 3

Abductors

Back 3

Muscles that draw a body part, such as a finger, arm or toe. Away from the mid-line of the body or an extremity

Front 4

Adductors

Back 4

Muscle that moves the toes and helps maintain balance while walking and standing

Front 5

Adipose Tissue

Back 5

Technical term for fat; Gives smoothness to the body

Front 6

Adrenal Glands

Back 6

Glands of the endocrine system that secrete about 30 steroid hormones and control metabolic process of the body.

Front 7

Anabolism

Back 7

Constructive Metabolism

Front 8

Anatomy

Back 8

Study of human body structures that can be seen with the naked eye.

Front 9

Angular Artery

Back 9

Branch of the facial artery that supplies blood to the side of the nose

Front 10

Anterior Auricular Artery

Back 10

Branch of the superficial temporal artery that supplies blood to the front part of the ear.

Front 11

Anterior Tibial Artery

Back 11

One of the political arteries that supplies blood to the lower leg muscles and to the muscles and skin.

Front 12

Aorta

Back 12

The largest artery in the body

Front 13

Arteries

Back 13

Thick- walled, muscular, flexible tubes that carry oxygenated blood away from the heart.

Front 14

Arteroles

Back 14

Small arteries that deliver blood to capillaries

Front 15

Atrium

Back 15

Upper, thin-walled chamber of the heart through which blood is pumped to the ventricles.

Front 16

Auricularis Anterior

Back 16

Muscle in front of the ear that draws the ear forward

Front 17

Auricularis posterior

Back 17

Muscles behind the ear that draws the ear backward.

Front 18

Auricularis superior

Back 18

Muscles above the ear that draws the ear upward

Front 19

Auricultemporal Nerve

Back 19

Branch of the fifth cranial nerve that affects the external ear and skin above the temple

Front 20

Autonomic Nervous System

Back 20

The part of the nervous system that controls the involuntary muscles,

Front 21

Axon

Back 21

The extension of a neuron through which impulses are sent away from the body to other neurons, glands or muscles.

Front 22

Axon Terminal

Back 22

The extension of a neuron through which impulses are sent away from the body other neurons, glands or muscles

Front 23

Belly

Back 23

Middle part of the muscle

Front 24

Bicep

Back 24

Muscle that produces the contour of the front and inner side of the upper arm.

Front 25

Blood

Back 25

Nutritive fluid circulating through the circulatory system to supply oxygen and nutrients

Front 26

Blood Vessles

Back 26

Tube like structures that include arteries, arterioles, capillaries, venules and veins

Front 27

Body Systems

Back 27

AKA Systems; groups of body organs acting together to perform one or more functions

Front 28

Brain

Back 28

Part of the central nervous system contained in the cranium; largest and most complex nerve tissue

Front 29

Buccal Nerve

Back 29

Branch of the seventh cranial nerve that affects the muscles of the mouth

Front 30

Buccinator Muscle

Back 30

Thin, Flat muscle of the cheek between the upper and lower jaw that compresses the cheeks and expels air between the lips

Front 31

Capillaries

Back 31

Tiny, thin-walled blood vessels that connect the smaller arteries to the venules.

Front 32

Cardiac Muscle

Back 32

The involuntary muscle that is the heart.

Front 33

Carpus

Back 33

Flexible joint composed of a group of eight small, irregular bones held together by ligaments

Front 34

Catabolism

Back 34

The phase of metabolism that involves the breaking down of complex compounds within the cells into smaller ones.

Front 35

Cell Membrane

Back 35

Cell part that encloses the protoplasm and permits soluble substances to enter and leave the cell

Front 36

Cells

Back 36

Basic unit of all living things, from bacteria to plants to animals, including human beings.

Front 37

Central Nervous System

Back 37

Consists of the brain, spinal cord, spinal nerves and cranial nerves.

Front 38

Centrioles

Back 38

structures in a cell near the nucleus that move to each side during the mitosis.

Front 39

cervical cutaneous nerve

Back 39

Cervical nerve located at the side of the neck

Front 40

Cervical Vertebre

Back 40

The seven bones of the top part of the vertebral column, located in the neck region.

Front 41

Circulatory System

Back 41

AKA Cardiovascular system.

Front 42

Clavicle

Back 42

Bone that joins the sternum and scapula

Front 43

Common Carotid Arteries

Back 43

Main arteries that supply blood to the head, face and neck

Front 44

Common Peroneal Nerve

Back 44

A division of the scientific nerve that extends from being behind the knee to wind around the head of the fibula to the from of the leg where it divides into two branches.

Front 45

Connective Tissue

Back 45

Fibrous tissue that binds together, protects and supports the various parts of the body.

Front 46

Corrugator Muscle

Back 46

Muscle located beneath the frontalis and orbicularis oculi muscles that draws eyebrows down

Front 47

Crainium

Back 47

An oval, bony case that protects the brain

Front 48

Cytoplasm

Back 48

The Protoplasm of a cell, except for the protoplasm in the nucleus, that surrounds the nucleus.

Front 49

Deep Peroneal Nerve

Back 49

Extends down the front of the leg, behind the muscles.

Front 50

Deltiod

Back 50

Large, triangular muscle covering the shoulder joint that allows the arm to extend outward and to the side of the body

Front 51

Dendrites

Back 51

Tree- like branching of nerve fibers extending from the nerve cell; carry impulses toward the cell and receive impulses from other neurons

Front 52

Depressor Labii Inferious Muscle

Back 52

Muscle surrounding the lower lip

Front 53

Diaphragm

Back 53

Muscular wall that separates the thorax from the abdominal region and helps control breathing

Front 54

Digestive Enzymes

Back 54

Chemicals that change certain types of blood into a soluble from that can be used by the body

Front 55

Digestive System

Back 55

Body system that is responsible for breaking down foods into nutrients and wastes

Front 56

Digital Nerve

Back 56

Sensory-Motor nerve that, with it's branches, supplies impulses to the fingers

Front 57

Dorsal Nerve

Back 57

A nerve that extends up from the toes and foot, just under the skin.

Front 58

Dorsalis Pedis Artery

Back 58

Artery that supplies blood to the foot

Front 59

Eleventh Cranial Nerve

Back 59

A motor Nerve that controls the motion of the neck and shoulder muscles

Front 60

Endocrine Glands

Back 60

Glands such as the thyroid and pituitary gland that release hormonal secretions directly into the bloodstream

Front 61

Epicranial Aponeurosis

Back 61

Tendon that connects the occipitalis and frontalis muscles

Front 62

Epicranius

Back 62

The broad muscle that covers the top of the skill and consists of the occipitalis and frontalis

Front 63

Epithelial tissue

Back 63

Protective covering on the body surfaces, such as skin , mucous membranes, the tissue inside the mouth, and other

Front 64

Ethmoid bone

Back 64

Light spongy bone between the eye sockets

Front 65

Excretory System

Back 65

Body syste that consists of a group of organs, including the kidneys, liver, skin, large intestines and lungs

Front 66

Exhalation

Back 66

Breathing Outward

Front 67

Exocrine Glands

Back 67

Produce a substance that travels through small tube-like ducts.

Front 68

Extensor Digitorum Longus

Back 68

Muscle that bends the foot up and extends the toes

Front 69

Extensors

Back 69

Muscles that straighten the wrist, hand and fingers to form a straight line

Front 70

External Carotid Artery

Back 70

Artery that supplies blood to the anterior parts of the scalp, ear, face, neck, and sides of the head.

Front 71

External Jugular Vein

Back 71

Vein located at the side of the neck that carries blood returning from the heart from the head

Front 72

Eyes

Back 72

Body organs that control the body's vision

Front 73

Facial Artery

Back 73

Branch of the external carotid artery that supplies blood to the lower region of the face, mouth, and nose.

Front 74

Facial Skeleton

Back 74

Framework of the face and composed of 14 bones