Chapter 5: The Integumentary System

Front 1

What is the outermost superficial region

Back 1

Epidermis

Front 2

Dermis

Back 2

Middle Region

Front 3

What is the deepest region of the skin

Back 3

Superficial Fascia

Front 4

The epidermis is composed of ___________ stratified _______ epithelium.

Back 4

Keratinized, Squamous

Front 5

The four different cell types are

Back 5

Kerationcytes
Melanocytes
Merkel Cell
Langerhans Cell

Front 6

Which cell type of the epidermis produces fibrous protein ________

Back 6

Kerationcytes

Front 7

Which cell type of the epidermis produces brown pigment melanin

Back 7

Melanocytes

Front 8

Which cell type of the epidermis has epidermal macrophanges that help activate the immune system

Back 8

langerhans cells

Front 9

Which cell type of the epidermis's function as touch receptors in association with sensory nerve endings

Back 9

Merkel Cells

Front 10

In which layer of the epidermis do cells undergo ________ ______, hence its alternate name, statium _________

Back 10

Stratum Basale
Rapid Division
Germinativum

Front 11

In which layer of the epidermis are melanin granuels and langerhans cell the most abundant

Back 11

Stratum Spinosum (Prickly Layer)

Front 12

What accumulates in the Stratum Granulosum (Granular Layer)

Back 12

Keratohyaline and Lamellated granules

Front 13

Which layer of the epidermis is thin, transparent band superficial to the stratum granulosum

Back 13

Stratum Lucidum (Clear Layer)

Front 14

Which layer of the epidermis accounts for three quarters of the epidermal thickness

Back 14

Stratum Corneum (Horny Layer)

Front 15

This region of the skin contains strong flexible connective tissue

Back 15

Dermis

Front 16

Which layer of the skin do the cell types include fibrolast, macrophanges, and occasionally mast cells

Back 16

Dermis

Front 17

The dermis is composed of two layers _____ and ______

Back 17

Papillary
Reticular

Front 18

The papillary later had _______ ________ tissue with collage elastic fibers

Back 18

Areolar Connective

Front 19

The dermis superios surface contains _______ ______ called dermal _____ (Fingerprints)

Back 19

Peglike projections
Papillae

Front 20

Dermal papillae contain _______ loops, ________ corpuscles and free nerve endings

Back 20

Capillary
Meissners

Front 21

Which layer of the dermis accounts for 80% of thhickness

Back 21

Reticular Layer

Front 22

In the reticular layer _______ fibers add _____ and resiliency to the skin

Back 22

Collagen
Strength

Front 23

This layer of the deep skin is composed of adipose and aerolar connective tissues

Back 23

Hypodermis

Front 24

This pigment has a yellow to reddish-black pigment and is responsible for dark skin colors

Back 24

Melanin

Front 25

Freckles and moles are the result of ___________

Back 25

Local accumulations of melanin

Front 26

This pigment has a yellow to orange color and is most obvious in the palms and soles

Back 26

Carotene

Front 27

This is the reddish pigment responsible for the pinkish hue of skin

Back 27

Hemoglobin

Front 28

This sweat gland is found in palms, soles of the feet and forehead

Back 28

Eccrine

Front 29

This sweat gland produces an odor, also associated with hair follicles

Back 29

Apocrine

Front 30

This sweat glad is a modified apocrine gland in external ear canal that secreat _________

Back 30

Ceruminous
Cerumen

Front 31

This is the sweat gland that secretes milk

Back 31

Mammary

Front 32

These glands are simple alevolar gland found all over the body

Back 32

Sebaceous

Front 33

The sebaceous gland ______ skin when stimulated by hormones

Back 33

Soften

Front 34

The sebaceous glads are usually associated with

Back 34

Hair Follicles

Front 35

This type of hair is pale, fine body found in children and the adult female

Back 35

Vellus

Front 36

This type of hair is coarse, and is found on the eyebrows and scalp

Back 36

Terminal

Front 37

What is the term for the thinning of hair in both sexes

Back 37

Alopecia

Front 38

Baldness is determined by ________ and _______

Back 38

Genetics
Sex

Front 39

The integumentary systems protects as a ______,_______ and ______ barrier

Back 39

Chemical
Physical
Mechanical

Front 40

Explain the two ways that body temperature regulation is accomplished

Back 40

-Dialation (Cooling) and constriction (warming) of dermal vessels
- Increasing sweat gland secreation to cool the body

Front 41

Describe the blood reservoir function in the integumentary system

Back 41

Skin blood vessels store up to 5% of the bodies blood volume

Front 42

Describe the excretion function in the integumentary system

Back 42

Limited amounts of nitrogenous wastes are eliminated from the body in sweat

Front 43

Name the three major types of skin cancer

Back 43

-Basal cell carcinoma
-Squamous cell carcinoma
-Melanoma

Front 44

Which type of skin cancer is the least malignant and most common type

Back 44

Basal Cell Carcinoma

Front 45

Stratum basal cell proliferate and invade the ________ and ________

Back 45

-Dermis
-Hypodermis

Front 46

How can basal cell carcinoma be cured 99% of the time

Back 46

Surgical Excision

Front 47

How does squamous cell carcinoma arise

Back 47

From keratinocytes of stratum spinosum

Front 48

What happens to Squamous cell is not removed

Back 48

grows rapidly and metastasizes

Front 49

Name the two way that squamous cell carcinoma can be removed

Back 49

-Radiation Therapy
-Surgical Excision

Front 50

What is the most dangerous type of skin cancer and why

Back 50

-Melanoma
-Highly Metastatic

Front 51

Name the A in the Melanoma ABCD Rule

Back 51

A: Asymmetry; the two sides of the pigmented area do not match

Front 52

Name the B in the Melanoma ABCD Rule

Back 52

B: Border is irregular and exhibits indentations

Front 53

Name the C in the Melanoma ABCD Rule

Back 53

C: Color (Pigmented area) is black, brown, tan and sometimes red or blue

Front 54

Name the D in the Melanoma ABCD Rule

Back 54

D: Diameter is larger then 6 mm (Size of a pencil (Eraser)

Front 55

How is melanoma treated

Back 55

Wide surgical excision

Front 56

When is the chance of survival in melanoma poor

Back 56

If the lesion is over 4 mm thick

Front 57

Which burn degres is when only the epidermis is damaged

Back 57

First Degree

Front 58

Which burn degree is when the epidermis and upper regions of dermis are damaged

Back 58

Second Degree

Front 59

Which burn degree is when entire thickness of the skin is damaged

Back 59

Third Degree

Front 60

Why in third degree burn is there no initial edema or pain

Back 60

The nerve endings in the skin are destroyed

Front 61

What does the rule of nines estimate

Back 61

Severity of the Burn

Front 62

What % does a second degree burn have to be before it is considered critical

Back 62

Over 25%

Front 63

What % does a third degree burn have to be before it is considered critical

Back 63

Over 10%

Front 64

What parts of the body make a third degree burn critical

Back 64

Face, Hands or Feet

Front 65

How do you find the mortality rate of a burn

Back 65

Age + Body % = Mortality

Front 66

In the fetal state what develops from the ectoderm

Back 66

Epidermis

Front 67

In the fetal state what develops from the mesoderm

Back 67

Dermis and Hypodermis

Front 68

What is the downy coat of delicate hairs covering a fetus called

Back 68

Lanugo

Front 69

What is the name of the substance produced by the sebaceous gland that protects the skin of the fetus

Back 69

Vernix Caseosa (Cottage Cheese)