Chapter 5 Objectives

Front 1

1. Describe and discuss the hierarchy of needs, from the simple to the complex, as developed by Maslow

Back 1

Maslow defined the basic needs of all people as a progression from simple physical needs (needed for survival) to more complex ones, called aesthetic needs. This is known as the “hierarchy of needs”. Needs on this ladder are ranked by their importance to the individual’s survival; one level must met before one can work towards meeting a higher level.
• Physiologic- need for O2, food, H2O, rest and elimination. The need for sex is unnecessary for individual survival, but is necessary for the survival of humankind.
• Security and Safety- need for shelter and freedom from harm and danger.
• Love, Affection and Belonging- need for affection, feeling of belongingness, and meaningful relations with others.
• Self-esteem- need to be well thought of by oneself as well as by others.
• Self-actualization- need to be self-fulfilled learn, create, understand, and experience one’s potential.

Front 2

Define the term regression and explain at least two examples of regression.

Back 2

Regression- during illness or injury, one focuses on a lower-level need that has already been fulfilled.
• Client recovering from an illness will focus on physical and emotional energies on recovery (physical needs) before returning to employment (security).
• People who are hungry will not be concerned about cleanliness or learning until they are fed.

Front 3

List at least five physiologic needs of all people and animals.

Back 3

1) Oxygen
2) Food
3) Water
4) Rest
5) Elimination

Front 4

List five examples of nursing activities that help an individual meet basic physiologic human needs.

Back 4

1) Assisting with feeding an infant
2) Provide full range of motion (ROM) for a person who has had a stroke
3) Bathe a person who is in a full body cast
4) Maintaining warmth for a newborn
5) Give a tube feeding to a person who cannot swallow

Front 5

List four examples of nursing activities that help an individual meet the needs of security and safety.

Back 5

1) Reporting abuse to the property authority
2) Monitoring the client’s safety while in the shower, ambulating in the hall, or getting in or out of bed
3) Performing a safety check in the home environment for a child or an elderly person
4) Checking identification of client prior to administering meds

Front 6

List two examples of nursing activities that help an individual obtain the goal of self-esteem.

Back 6

1) Promoting positive self-image after surgery
2) Encouraging a client’s progress in rehabilitation
3) Providing an opportunity for bonding with a new infant

Front 7

List two examples of nursing activities that help an individual obtain the goal of self-actualization.

Back 7

1) Teaching a new mother breastfeeding techniques
2) Acknowledging the accomplishments of an individual

Front 8

Address the basic and aesthetic needs of individuals who are homeless, or who have a terminal illness, or who have lost their jobs and source of income.

Back 8

Homeless is a threat to the person’s basic need for warmth, shelter, and safety. If the person is responsible for others (children), the threats multiply. Someone who loses a job may be in fear of the same needs that are lost by one that is homeless.
A terminally ill person may experience threats in the basic physiological needs.

Front 9

Relate at least three community or societal needs to the hierarchy of needs of an individual.

Back 9

A community has basic needs concerning the welfare of all its residents. Among these needs are public health measures (such as immunization programs), access to healthcare, maintenance services (utilities), environmental concerns (pollution), safety (law enforcement and highways), and emergency services (ambulances and paramedics).
• Individuals receive immunizations to prevent illnesses. They strive for wellness by seeking healthcare.
• Individuals strive to maintain utilities; needed to provide the warmth necessary to maintain an adequate body temperature and water to sustain life.
• Individuals suffering from some type of abuse rely on the safety provided by the community (law enforcement, laws).