Chapter 5 End Section 1 Section 2

Front 1

Roman governor of a province

Back 1

senator was dispatched to each province to defend against outside attack or internal disruption, collect taxes and decide legal cases. Served a single one year term in office. System was inadequate and prone to corruption.

Front 2

Latifundia

Back 2

great estates created when large landowners bought up land of men from independent farming families that were forced to devote their time to military service

Front 3

Gaius Marius

Back 3

“new man” individual generals or politically active individuals who did not belong to the traditional elite ruling class who promised land to poor, landless farmers. These troops became devoted to the “Marius” which helped them achieve political power.

Front 4

What is the commonality factor of Sula, Pompey, Julius Caesar, Mark Antony and Octavian

Back 4

all “Gaius Marius” that commanded armies more loyal to them than to the state

Front 5

Explain “Rome was and “urban empire”

Back 5

because of the administration through a network of cities and towns.

Front 6

Living quarters of upper class Roman family

Back 6

elegant, well-built,well-appointed houses on one of the 7 hills

Front 7

Living quarters of the Roman poor

Back 7

dark, dank, fire prone wooden tenements in squalid slums built in low lying parts of the city

Front 8

Pax romana

Back 8

Literally, "Roman peace," it connoted the stability and prosperity that Roman rule brought to the lands of the Roman Empire in the first two centuries C.E. The movement of people and trade goods along Roman roads and safe seas allowed for the spread of cultural practices, technologies, and religious ideas.

Front 9

Romanization

Back 9

The process by which the Latin language and Roman culture became dominant in the western provinces of the Roman Empire. The Roman government did not actively seek to Romanize the subject peoples, but indigenous peoples in the provinces often chose to Romanize because of the political and economic advantages that it brought, as well as the allure of Roman success.

Front 10

Jesus (views)

Back 10

A Jew from Galilee in northern Israel who sought to reform Jewish beliefs and practices. He was offended by Jewish and political leaders concern with money and power. He was executed as a revolutionary by the Romans. Hailed as the Messiah and son of God by his followers, he became the central figure in Christianity, a belief system that developed in the centuries after his death.

Front 11

Paul

Back 11

A Jew from the Greek city of Tarsus in Anatolia, Taking advantage of his Hellenized (Greek) background and Roman citizenship, he traveled throughout Syria Palestine, Anatolia, and Greece, preaching the new religion setting up Christian communities in the eastern Mediterranean. Finding his greatest success among pagans (non jews "gentiles"), he began the process by which Christianity separated from Judaism.

Front 12

Christos

Back 12

Greek for Christian which means “anointed one” the name given to Jesus by his followers.

Front 13

Why early Christians persecuted by Roman officials

Back 13

They were monotheists forbidden to worship other gods. Their refusal to worship the emperor was regarded as disloyal by Roman officials.

Front 14

Aqueducts

Back 14

A conduit, either elevated or underground, using gravity to carry water from a source to a location—usually a city—that needed it. The Romans built many aqueducts in a period of substantial urbanization.

Front 15

Why Caesar Augustus advised against expanding the Roman Empire

Back 15

He believed the cost of administering and defending acquisitions would be greater than therevenue. Empire then prospered for 2.5 centuries