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22 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Catalyst |
- is a substance that increases the rate of chemical reaction & is not changed by the reaction |
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Enzyme |
- A protein - functions as a biological catalyst |
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Enzymes are important because |
- they maintain a reaction speed needed to sustain life |
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Anabolic reaction |
- A reaction in which large molecules are built up from smaller molecules |
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Catabolic reaction |
- reactions that split large molecules into smaller ones |
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Substrate |
- the substance on which an enzyme reacts |
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Each particular enzyme can react with |
- only one substrate |
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Product |
- the substance/s produced by an enzyme |
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Enzymes and a rise in temp |
- at first the rate of chemical reactions increases - but once they go past their optimum temp the enzymes are denatured and stop working |
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Enzymes and cold temp |
- their rate of chemical reactions will slow down |
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Alkaline |
- A PH greater than 7 |
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Acid |
- PH below 7 |
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PH 7 is |
- neutral |
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How does PH effect enzymes |
- each enzyme has specific PH needs if they aren't within this their reaction rate decreases - this is usually reversible once the enzyme is put back into its optimum PH |
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Rates of enzyme reaction depend on? |
1 - temperature 2 - PH 3 - consentrations of the enzyme and substrate |
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Enzyme-substrate complex |
- when an enzyme combines with the substrate this is formed temporarily |
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Amylase |
- an enzyme in your saliva that breaks starch down into sugar at a rapid rate |
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Intracellular enzymes |
- enzymes that remain inside a cell |
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Extracellular enzymes |
- enzymes that are let out of a cell to do their work outside |
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Active site |
- the part of an enzyme molecule into which it's substrate fits |
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The active site of an enzyme and a substrate must be _____ in order for them to react |
- complementary |
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The names of enzymes often end with |
- ase |
