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33 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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Functions of a Cell membrane |
- stops the cell contents from excaping - controls the substances which are allowed to enter and leave the cell
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What would a typical plant cell consist of? |
- cell membrain - cell wall - chloroplasts - cytoplasm - mitochondria - nucleus -rough endoplasmic reticulum (or rough ER) - ribosomes - vacuoles |
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What would a typical animal cell consist of? |
-cell membrane - cytoplasm - mitochondria - nucleus - rough endoplasmic reticulum (or rough ER) - ribosomes - vesicles (much smaller vacuoles) |
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Cell membrane |
- very thin layer of protein and fat - surrounds ever living cell - partially permeable
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Functions of a Cell wall. |
- It helps to protect and support the cell - It prevents the cell from bursting when it dessolves a lot of water |
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Cell wall |
- made if cellulose fibers criss crossing over each other - fully permeable |
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Vacuole |
- a space in a cell sourounded by a membrane - contains a solution of sugars, salts and occasionally pigments. |
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Cytoplasm |
- mostly water with a mixture of many substances dissolved in it |
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Chloroplast |
- contain chlorophyll (chlorophyll is the chemical absorbs energys from sunlight) - often contain starch grains |
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Transverse section |
If you cut across a structure you make a? |
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Tissue |
A group of cells with simular structures, working together to preform a shared function |
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Organ |
A structure made up of a group of tissues, working together to preform specific functions |
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Organ system |
A group of organs with related functions, working together to preform a body function |
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Formula for calculating magnification. |
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Formula for calculating actual size of specimen |
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Photomicrographs |
Photographs taken through a microscope |
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Longitudinal section |
If you cut along the length of a structure you are taking a? |
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Stains |
Sections are sometimes treated with dyes in order to see the structures inside more clearly. |
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Cellulose |
- A polysaccharide carbohydrate which forms fibers - is found in the cell walls of plant cells |
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Chlorophyll |
- A green, light-absorbing pigment - found inside chloroplasts in plant cells |
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Mitochondria |
- organelles in which aerobic respiration takes place, releasing energy for use cell - most numerous in regions of rapid chemical activity |
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Aerobic respiration |
- the release of energy in cells by the breakdown of food substances in the presence of oxygen |
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Nucleus |
- A large organelle in which chromosomes are found |
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Function of a nucleus |
- controls the type & quantity of enzymes produced by the cytoplasm |
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Chromosome |
A thread like structure of DNA, made up of a string of genes |
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Rough ER |
- A network of flattened cavities surrounded by a membrane, which links with the nuclear membrane - membrane holds ribosomes |
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Funtion of rough ER |
- Produces, transports and stores protein |
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Ribosomes |
- Tiny organelles were protein synthesis takes place - can be found in rough ER or free in cytoplasm |
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Function of a vacuole |
- a full vacuole helps maintain the shape of a cell by pressing against the rest of the cell. |
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Vesicles |
- A very small vacuole (space inside a cell |
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How is an organism formed |
- by the organs & systems working together to produce an independent plant or animal |
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1m = ?micrometres |
= 1,000,000 micrometres |
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1m = ?nanometers |
= 1,000,000,000 nanometres |
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