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35 Cards in this Set
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Virginia Statute for Religious Freedom
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Statute stating in part that the human mind was created free and that government control over religious beliefs or worship is tyrannical.
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John Locke
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English philosopher who developed the theory of "natural rights".
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Judith Sargent Murray
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was an early American advocate for women's rights, an essayist, playwright, poet, and letter writer.
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Republican Motherhood
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Concept in the early American republic proposing that women could influence politics and society through their work in the home.
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Benjamin Franklin
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was one of the Founding Fathers of the United States.
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Articles of Confederation
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Document that created an association of states while guaranteeing each state its "sovereignty, freedom, and independence.
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Northwest ordinance
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Legislation that established a system for governing the Northwest Territory.
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Depression
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A sharp drop in business activity accompanies by rising unemployment.
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Shay's Rebellion
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Uprising of Massachusetts farmers led by Daniel Shays to protest taxes, debt, and foreclosures.
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Daniel shays
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was an American soldier, revolutionary, and farmer famous for leading Shays' Rebellion.
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Constitutional Convention
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a meeting of delegates to adopt a new constitution or revise an existing constitution.
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James Madison
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was an American statesman and political theorist.
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Edmund Randolph
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was an American attorney, the seventh Governor of Virginia, the second Secretary of State, and the first United States Attorney General.
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Virginia Plan
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was a proposal by Virginia delegates for a bicameral legislative branch.
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Federalism
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is a political concept in which a group of members are bound together by covenant (Latin: foedus, covenant) with a governing representative head.
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Bicameral
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A legislature made up of two houses.
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Roger Sherman
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was an early American lawyer and politician, as well as a founding father.
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Great Compromise
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Agreement worked out at the Constitutional Convention; granted each state an equal voice in the upper house of the legislature and representation according to population in the lower house.
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Three-Fifths Compromise
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was a compromise between Southern and Northern states reached during the Philadelphia Convention of 1787 in which three-fifths of the enumerated population of slaves would be counted for representation purposes regarding both the distribution of taxes and the apportionment of the members of the United States House of Representatives.
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Tariffs
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may be either tax on imports or exports (trade tariff), or a list or schedule of prices for such things as rail service, bus routes, and electrical usage.
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Federalists
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describes several political beliefs around the world. Also, it may refer to the concept of federalism or the type of government called a federation.
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Antifederalists
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refers to a movement that opposed the creation of a stronger U.S. federal government and which later opposed the ratification of the Constitution of 1787.
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electors
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a member of the electoral college of the Holy Roman Empire, having the function of electing the Holy Roman Emperors.
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The Federalist
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also called the Enumerated Powers, are the powers of Congress established in section eight of Article I of the US Constitution. There are nineteen such powers.
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Delegated Powers
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also called the Enumerated Powers, are the powers of Congress established in section eight of Article I of the US Constitution. There are nineteen such powers.
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reserved power
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is a power that may be exercised by the head of state without the approval of another branch of the government
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concurrent powers
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are those powers in nations with a federal system of government that are shared by both the state and the federal government. They may be exercised simultaneously within the same territory and in relation to the same body of citizens.
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supremacy clause
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establishes the U.S. Constitution, U.S. Treaties, and Federal Statutes made pursuant to the U.S. Constitution, shall be "the supreme law of the land."
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separation of powers
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often imprecisely used interchangeably with the trias politica principle, is a model for the governance of a state.
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checks and balances
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System established by the constitutions allows for sharing of power among branches of government and prevents any one branch from becoming too powerful.
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Impeachments
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is a formal process in which an official is accused of unlawful activity, the outcome of which, depending on the country, may include the removal of that official from office as well as other punishment.
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Veto
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is the power of an officer of the state to unilaterally stop an official action, especially enactment of a piece of legislation.
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override
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Congressional power to overrule a presidential veto with a two-thirds vote.
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Elastic clause
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Necessary and proper clause
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Bicameral
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A legislature made up of two houses
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