Chapter 31 Hematopoiesis

Front 1

The pluripotential stem cell give rise to ...

Back 1

lymphoid and myeloid stem cells

Front 2

the earliest hematopoietic precursor cells, which can differentiate into either hematopoietic or marrow stromal cells , have the following cell surface marker?

which key markers are not yet present?

Back 2

CD34
CD38, HLA-DR

Front 3

cell surface marker that denotes erythroid differentiation

Back 3

CD71 (early erythroid marker)

Front 4

which cytokine is the ligand for proto-oncogene c-mpl?
what is its role in hematopoiesis?

Back 4

this is thrombopoietin, the primary regulator of platelet production
it is required for full maturation of megakaryocytes

Front 5

which cytokine stimulates eosinophils?

Back 5

IL5

Front 6

which cytokine is referred to as 'stem cell factor' or 'steel factor' and act synergistically with GM-CSF and IL-3 to stimulate myeloid, erythroid and lymphoid progenitors?

Back 6

kit ligand, the ligand for the tyrosine kinase receptor c-kit

Front 7

Megaloblastic erythroid maturation, nuclear maturation lags behind cytoplasmic maturation. T or F

Back 7

True

Front 8

How do eosinophils contribute to fibrosis in Hodgkin's?

Back 8

Eosinophils secrete tumor necrosis factor which promotes fibrosis

Front 9

person with a 2,3-DPG level of 4.4miicromol/g is noted to have a Hb O2 satutrtiopn of 70% at a pO2 of 40mmHg. he is given 2,3-DPG to raise his level to 11.6micormol/g. At 40 mmHg, what is his new Hb saturation?

Back 9

55%, this is helping him offload oxygen to his tissues

Hint 9

Front 10

reactions which form porphobilinogen and the final product heme?

Back 10

aminolevulinic acid --(ALA-dehydrase)--porphobilinogen
protoporphyrin IX + Fe2+---(ferochelatase)---Heme

Front 11

what is the normal mechanism by which senescent erythrocytesare culled from circulation...what bichemical change takes place?

Back 11

sialic acid residue on the glycophorin molecule is lost and asialoglycophorin is seen as an antigen. Autoantibodies bind to the red cell and process it for removal

Front 12

Corrected reticulocyte index ( reticulocyte production index) gives a clinically useful assessment of a patient's response to anemia because it accounts for the degree of anemia as well as the expected maturation time of reticulocytes released early from the marrow into the peripheral blood. The formula for RPI?f

Back 12

RPI=(pt retic% x pt Hct x1)/ ( nml retic % x nml Hct x maturation time)

Front 13

Azurophilic granules mark the transition in neutrophil maturation from the myeloblast to the promyelocyte. What is contained in these granules?l

Back 13

Lysosomal enzymes --- acid hydrolases, acid phosphatase, beta- glucotandase, perioxidase( this is why we use the MPO stain for acute leukemias, and why M0 does not stain more than3%)

Front 14

What are the actions of eosinophilia cationic protein (ECP)?

Back 14

ECP shortens the coagulation time and alters fibrinolysis, inhibits lymphocyte proliferation and acts as a potent neurotoxin
mature eosinophils express CD16 and CD32

Front 15

principle growth factor for basophils? mast cells?

Back 15

IL3, ckit

Front 16

cell surface markers on monocytes and macrophages

Back 16

CD14, CD64 and CD68

Front 17

defineendomitosis as it applies to megakaryocyte maturation

Back 17

nuclear division without accompanying cytoplasmic division; in megakaryocytes it results in ploidies fron 2N to 64N

Front 18

cell markers for the progenitor (pro)B cell

Back 18

the pro B cell is CD19 and TdT positive

Front 19

intracytoplasmic mu heavy chains without surface immunoglobin are characteristic of what phase of B cell development?

Back 19

pre B cell

Front 20

what 2 key events in T cell functional development occur in the thymic medulla?

Back 20

in the medulla self reactive T cells are culled out so they will not attack in an autoimmune fashion; the T cell receptor rearranges to generate diversity

Front 21

NK cell markers?

Back 21

CD16 and CD56 are helpful markers for NK cells

Front 22

where in the heme biosynthetic pathway is zinc protoporphyrin synthesized

Back 22

zinc protoporphyrin is synthesized at the end of the heme biosynthetic pathway from protoporphyrin IX by the action of ferrochelatase ; if no iron is available ferrochelatase will substitue zinc in its place

Hint 22

Front 23

chromatographic techniques are now used to screen for PBG in cases of suspected porphyries, the old Watson -Schwartz test lacked sufficient sensitivity to be used reliably

Back 23

test now used to screen for porphobilinogen in cases of suspected porphyrias?

Front 24

Back 24

Front 25

which of the porphyrias is suggested..
53yoM chronic alcoholic who has had longstanding porphyria. minor trauma has caused several erosions on his forearm, and sun exposure hase lead to vesicle formation on his face. the only abnormality is urine uroporphyrin of 200microgram in 24hrs

Back 25

PCT

Front 26

which of the porphyrias is suggested..
4yof wearing long sleeves and a large sun hat on a warm day. She smiles, her teeth are pink-red. Her urine is red pigmented and has 2000microgram of urine UP.

Back 26

CEP

Front 27

which of the porphyrias is suggested..
14yom holding his stomach and acting in an agitated way in the waiting room, his mom was with him. She had tubal ligation after he was born becauseshe could not tolerate oral contraceptives. His 24 hour urine amino levulinic is 500mg, porphobilinogen is 205. total bilirubin today is 3.5mg/dL and alkaline phosphatase is 130IU/L. Fecal protoporphyrin is 600micrograms over 24hrs

Back 27

AIP

Front 28

32yof from south africa . she has a few few skin lesions on her forearm and face. she has required tranquilizers twice in her life during acte attacks. she is in the clinic today because she has been feeling suspicious for the past couple of days. fecal protoporphyrin is 10,000 micrograms over 24hrs, UP is 420micrograms

Back 28

VP