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17 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are the arboviruses (describe and list)?
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Arthropod borne viruses - togaviridae, flaviviridae, and bunyaviridae (think Paul BUNYAn in a TOGA, bitten by a mosquito (arthropod) who likes the FLAVor of his blood)
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Rubivirus is from which class of viruses? What disease does it cause and what is its most feared manifestation?
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Togaviridae (group of arboviruses).
Causes rubella, which can cause terrible congenital defects (think toRches) |
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Which body areas are affected in congenital rubella?
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1. Heart (PDA, septal defects, etc.)
2. Eye (cataracts, etc) 3. CNS (mental retardation, microcephaly, etc) |
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Dengue fever: symptoms, cause?
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Fever, painful backache, muscle and joint pain, and sever headache.
Flavivirus (an arbovirus) spread by mosquito |
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Poliovirus and Coxsackie A and B are examples of which type of viruses?
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Enterovirus (picornavirus)
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Enteroviruses infect which cell types?
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Intestinal epithelial and lymphoid (tonsils, Peyer's patches) cells
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Why did polio emerge in the 20th century?
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Improvements in sanitation led to increased infection in the adult years (rather than childhood), with increased chances of developing paralytic poliomyelitis
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What are the 3 disease manifestations of polio?
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1. Asymptomatic or mild fever
2. Aseptic meningitis - recovery in 1 week 3. Paralytic poliomyelitis |
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Which polio vaccine is used in the US?
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Sabin's attenuated poliovirus
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Coxsackie A and B, echoviruses, and new enteroviruses can all cause which diseases?
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1. Asymptomatic or mild febrile infections
2. Cold symptoms 3. Rashes 4. Aseptic meningitis |
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What is the most common cause of aseptic meningitis in the US?
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Enteroviruses
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Differentiate Coxsackie A and B in terms of clinical manifestations?
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Coxsackie A - Herpangina (mild self-limiting illness)
Coxsackie B - Pleurodynia (pleuritic pain), Myocarditis/Pericarditis |
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Which viruses cause the common cold?
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Rhinovirus and coronavirus
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Which viruses cause diarrhea?
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Calciviridae and Rotavirus
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Describe the progression of rabies?
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When a human is bitten, the virus replicates locally for a few days, then migrates (over weeks to a year) up nerve axons to the CNS, causing a fatal encephalitis
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How should a person bitten by a suspected rabid animal be treated? This regimen is similar to which other infectious disease?
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Give human rabies immune globulin (passive immunization) followed by injections of the killed rabies virus vaccine (active immunization). Similar to treatment of tetanus.
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How can Ebola epidemics be controlled?
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Barrier precautions to avoid contact with infected body fluids, use of sterile needles, and proper disposal of corpses.
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