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70 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is in the excavata |
Diplomonads Parabasilids Euglenozoans |
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What is in the SAR |
Diatoms Golden algae Brown algae Dinoflagellates Apicomplexans Ciliates Radiolarians Forams Cercozoans |
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What does SAR stand for? |
Stramenopiles, alveolates, and rhizarians |
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What are the 4 supergroups? |
Sar Excavata Archaeplastida Unikonta |
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What is in the archaeplastida? |
Red algae Cholorphytes Charophytes Plants |
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Which two in the archaeplastida make up the green algae? |
The cholorphytes and charophytes |
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What is it the unikonta |
Slime molds Tubulinids Entamoebas Nucleariids Fungi Choanoflagellates Animals |
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What is a protist |
Organisms that are not plants, animals, or fungi |
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What is a mixotroph? |
A protist that combines photosynthesis and heterotrophic nutrition |
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What is endosymbiosis? |
A relationship between two species in which one organism lives within the cell or cells of the other organism |
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Diplomonads? |
Excavata |
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Parabasilids? |
Excavata |
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Euhlenazoa? |
Excavata |
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Diatoms? |
SAR |
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Golden algae? |
SAR |
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Brown algae? |
SAR |
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Dinoflagellates? |
SAR |
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Apicomplexans? |
SAR |
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Ciliates? |
SAR |
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Radiolarians? |
SAR |
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Forams? |
SAR |
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Cercozoans? |
SAR |
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Red algae? |
Archaeplastids |
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Cholorphytes? |
Archaeplastids |
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Charophytes? |
Archaeplastids |
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Plants? |
Archaeplastids |
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Slime molds? |
Unikonta |
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Tubulinids? |
Unikonta |
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Entamoebas? |
Archaeplastids |
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Nucleariids? |
Unikonta |
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Fungi? |
Unikonta |
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Choanoflagellates? |
Unikonta |
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Animals? |
Unikonta |
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What are the stramenopiles? |
Diatoms, golden algae, and brown algae |
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What are the alveolates? |
Dinoflagellates, Apicomplexans, and Ciliates |
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What are the rhizarians? |
Radiolarians, Forams, and cercozoans |
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What are the amoebozoans? |
Slime molds, tubulinids, and entamoebas |
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What are the opisthokonts? |
Nucleariids, fungi, choanoflagellates, and animals |
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What are the excavata characterized by? |
-Their exoskeleton - Some members have an "excavated" feeding groove on one side of the body |
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Diplomonad characteristic? |
- Reduced mitochondria called mitosomes - Have 2 equal sized nuclei and multiple flagella - Are often parasites (giardia) |
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Parabasilids characteristics? |
- Reduced mitochondria called hydrogenosomes that generate energy anaerobically |
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Euglenazoa characteristics? |
- includes predatory heterotrophs, photosynthetic autotrophs, mixotrophs, and parasites - MAIN CHARACTERISTIC IS A SPIRAL OR CRYSTALLINE ROD INSIDE THEIR FLAGELLA - Includes kinetoplastids and euglenids |
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Kinetoplastid characteristic? |
Single mitochondrion with an organized mass of DNA |
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Euglenid characteristic? |
- Have one or two flagella that emerge from a pocket at one end of the cell |
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Stramenopile characteristic? |
- Have one "hairy" and one "smooth" flagellum |
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Diatom characteristic? |
- Unicellular algae - 2 part, glass-like wall of silicon dioxide |
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Golden algae characteristic? |
- Golden, obviously - Biflagellated, both flagella near one end - Most unicellular, can be colonial |
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Brown algae characteristic? |
- Largest and most complex algae - Multicellular, most are marine - Commonly called seaweeds |
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What are the structures of brown algae? |
- Holdfast, the "root" that anchors it - Stipe, the stem - Blade, the leaf-like structure |
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What is alternation of generations? |
The alternation of multicellular haploid and diploid generations |
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What does heteromorphic mean? |
In alternation of generations, the generations are structurally different |
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What does isomorphic mean? |
In alternation of generations, the generations are structurally similar |
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Alveolate characteristics? |
- Membrane enclosed sacs just under the plasma membrane |
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Dinoflagellate characteristics? |
- 2 flagella - Reinforced by cellulose plates |
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Apicomplexan characteristic? |
- Most are parasitic - Life cycle has sexual and asexual stages - Requires 2 or more different hosts PLASMODIUM --> MALARIA |
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Ciliate characteristic? |
- Cilia cover their body and they use them to feed and move - 2 nuclei: micronuclei and macronuclei - Contractile vacuole - Conjugation results in genetic variation, individuals exchange haploid micronuclei |
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Rhizarian characteristic? |
- Most are amoeba - Rhizarian amoeba differ from other amoeba because they have threadlike pseupodia |
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What are pseupodia? |
Extensions of the cell surface that amoeba use to move and feed |
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Radiolarian characteristic? |
- Pseupodia reinforced by microtubules radiating from the central body "Star Shape" |
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Foram characteristic? |
- Porous shells, called tests - Pseupodia extend through pores |
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Cercozoan characteristic? |
- Can be flagellated or amoeboid with threadlike pseudopodia - Possess a chromatophore, a unique photosynthetic structure |
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Archaeplastid characteristic? |
- These are all plants, and plant relatives |
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Red algae characteristic? |
- Reddish color - Red color masks the green from the chlorophyll - Usually multicellular |
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Green algae characteristic? |
- Grass green chloroplasts - No cytoplasmic division |
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Unikonta characteristic? |
- Animals, fungi, and some protists |
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Amoebazoan characteristic? |
- Lobe or tube-shaped pseudopodia, rather than threadlike - Includes slime molds, tubulinids, and entamoebas |
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Plasmodial slime mold characteristic? |
- Brightly pigmented, usually yellow or orange - Undivided by plasma membranes that contains many diploid nuclei Looks like yellow silly string |
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Cellular slime molds |
- Multicellular aggregates, cells are separated by membranes Looks like a blob |
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Tubulinid characteristic? |
Amoebazoans with lobe or tube shaped pseudopodia |
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Entamoeba characteristic |
- Parasites to vertebrates - Causes anemic dysentery |
