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28 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Abcess |
A localized collection of white blood cells and cellular debris (pus) that appears swollen and inflamed |
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Agranulocytes |
Mononuclear cells that lack digestive enzymes |
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Anaerobes |
Organisms requiring reduced oxygen for growth often associated with serious infections |
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Antibodies |
Circulate in the bloodstream and interact with antigens they encounter, also called immunoglobulins |
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Antigens |
Substances that provoke irritation or damage to the body tissues and induce the formation of antibodies |
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Bacteremia |
Presence of bacteria in the blood |
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Colonization |
State in which a microorganism is present but no immune reaction or tissue destruction occurs |
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Communicable disease |
Disease transmissible between hosts |
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Communicable period |
The time frame during which a disease can be passed from one person to another |
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Complement system |
Series of proteins found in the bloodstream that enhances phagocytosis of microbes, helps in lysis of bacterial cell walls, and encourages the inflammatory response |
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Endotoxins |
Potent substances released by bacteria into the blood that can cause shock |
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Extended spectrum beta lactamases (ESBLs) |
Enzymes that give bacteria immunity to both penicilin and cephalosporin antibiotics |
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Granulocytes |
Polymorphonuclear white blood cells: neutrophils, eosinophils, and basophils |
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Health care associated infections (HAIs) |
A term thst encompasses infections contracted in all healthcare settings |
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Interferon |
Protein produced by the body cells on exposure to viruses thst retards viral replication |
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Leukocytosis |
Increase in production of white blood cells |
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Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) |
Quantifies the minimal ammount of the drug that is necessary to inhibit microbial growth in the labratory |
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Multri drug resistant organisms (MDROs) |
Organisms thar have developed resistance to multiple antibiotics |
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Neutropenia |
Decrease in the neutrophils in the blood, the white blood cells responsible for quick response to invasion by infectious organisms |
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Normal flora |
Microorganisms commonly found in a body location that ordinarily cause no harm |
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Nosocomial infection |
Infection acquired during receipt of healthcare |
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Opportunistic |
Infections that do not result in disease in individuals with properly functioning immune systems |
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Purulent |
Producing or containing pus |
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Sepsis |
Poisoning of body tissues, usually refers to bloodborne organisms or their toxic products |
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Shift to the left |
An increase in the number of white blood cells indicating infection |
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Superinfection |
A secondary infection that occurs when antibodies, immunosuppression, or cancer treatment destroys normal flora |
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Systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) |
Global, generalized inflammatory response of many or all major organ systems triggered by tissue injury or infection |
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Vaccination |
The process of injecting weakened or killed organisms into a person, stimulating antibody production to prevent a specific infection |
