Blood stream infection or sepsis is a life threatening condition. It is caused by the presence of pathogens, mainly bacteria and fungi or their toxins in the blood stream (D. C. Angus and T. van der Poll, 2013).
In the USA, septic shock is considered the 10th leading cause of death (Heron, M., D. L, 2006). More than one million sepsis cases are reported annually in the US alone (National Center for Health, 2011). 28% to 50 % of these cases end in fatality (Wood KA, Angus DC, 2004), exceeding by that the number of U.S deaths caused by prostate cancer, breast cancer and AIDS combined (National Institute of General Medical Science, 2017). This rate of mortality increases by 7.6% with every hour of delay in initiation of the appropriate antimicrobial therapy (A. Kumar, P. Ellis, Y. Arabi et al, 2009). In order to choose the best antimicrobial agent for septic patients, the identification of the causative pathogen is necessary. It usually takes 1 to 3 days to identify the type of the causative pathogen/s (J. Pardo, K. P. Klinker, S. J. Borgert et al. 2014). This is a lot of time to be waited before initiating the proper therapy. Furthermore, the lack of accuracy in identifying certain species is another disadvantage for using the conventional methods (Chen, J. R. et al. 2008). For these reasons, modifying new techniques for faster and more …show more content…
The first mass spectrometry technique is the Matrix-assist laser desorption ionization time of flight mass spectrometry. It is not yet approved by the FDA as an identification technique but has shown high concordance in clinical laboratories with shortened time of diagnosis. However, there is the need for isolating the microorganisms present in a specimen is a disadvantage for this technique. (Cherkaoui, A., J. Hibbs et al. 2010) (S. Sauer and M. Kliem.
In the USA, septic shock is considered the 10th leading cause of death (Heron, M., D. L, 2006). More than one million sepsis cases are reported annually in the US alone (National Center for Health, 2011). 28% to 50 % of these cases end in fatality (Wood KA, Angus DC, 2004), exceeding by that the number of U.S deaths caused by prostate cancer, breast cancer and AIDS combined (National Institute of General Medical Science, 2017). This rate of mortality increases by 7.6% with every hour of delay in initiation of the appropriate antimicrobial therapy (A. Kumar, P. Ellis, Y. Arabi et al, 2009). In order to choose the best antimicrobial agent for septic patients, the identification of the causative pathogen is necessary. It usually takes 1 to 3 days to identify the type of the causative pathogen/s (J. Pardo, K. P. Klinker, S. J. Borgert et al. 2014). This is a lot of time to be waited before initiating the proper therapy. Furthermore, the lack of accuracy in identifying certain species is another disadvantage for using the conventional methods (Chen, J. R. et al. 2008). For these reasons, modifying new techniques for faster and more …show more content…
The first mass spectrometry technique is the Matrix-assist laser desorption ionization time of flight mass spectrometry. It is not yet approved by the FDA as an identification technique but has shown high concordance in clinical laboratories with shortened time of diagnosis. However, there is the need for isolating the microorganisms present in a specimen is a disadvantage for this technique. (Cherkaoui, A., J. Hibbs et al. 2010) (S. Sauer and M. Kliem.