Chapter 20 Mosby's Anus, Rectum, Prostate

Front 1

Corpus Spongiosum makes up what parts of the penis?

Back 1

Urethra and Glans penis

Front 2

Two Corpora cavernosa form what parts of the penis?

Back 2

Dorsum and sides of penis

Front 3

where does urethra start?

Back 3

2 mm ventral to the tip of the glans penis

Front 4

What is smegma?

Back 4

Formed by secretion of sebaceous material by the glans and desquamation of epithelial cells from the prepuce (foreskin). Cheesy white material on glans and in fornix of the foreskin.

Front 5

Best temperature for spermatogenesis?

Back 5

37 C

Front 6

Measurement and shape of adult testes?

Back 6

ovoid 4 x 3 x 2 cm

Front 7

Location of vas deferens?

Back 7

Begins in the tail of the epididymis and ascends the spermatic cord, travels through the inguinal canal and unites with teh seminal vesicle to form the ejaculatory duce

Front 8

Location of prostate?

Back 8

Surrounds urethra at the bladder neck.

Front 9

What enzyme is found in prostate ejaculatory fluid?

Back 9

fibrinolysin (liquefies coagulated semen for sperm motility)

Front 10

Location of seminal vesicles

Back 10

extend from prostate onto posterior surface of bladder

Front 11

How does an erection form?

Back 11

20-50 mL of blood fills the 2 corpora cavernosa due to increased arterial dilation and decreased venous outflow. Mediated by nitric oxide.

Front 12

What happens directly after orgasm?

Back 12

Constriction of the vessels supplying blood to teh corpora cavernosa and grdual detumescence (restoration to normal sice).

Front 13

Sexual differentiation of genitalia occures when?

Back 13

12 weeks gestation

Front 14

Fetal insult during what weeks will produce major anomalies of external genitalia?

Back 14

Weeks 8 or 9

Front 15

When do testes descend from retroperitoneal space and when do they have final descent into the scrotum?

Back 15

3rd trimester

early postnantal period

Front 16

When do small separations between the glans and inner preputial epithelium begin?
When is separation complete?

Back 16

3rd trimester


3 to 4 years old

Front 17

shape made by pubic hair from umbilicus to anus?

Back 17

diamond shape

Front 18

What happens to pubic hair in older men?

Back 18

becomes finer and less abundant

Front 19

Change in scrotum in older men as well as during puberty?

Back 19

Becomes more pendulous.

Front 20

How does the length of time necessary for production of mature sperm occur as you age?

Back 20

it doesn't change

Front 21

Risk factors for penil carcinoma?

Back 21

1) Lack of circumcision with bad hygiene
2) Condyloma acuminatum infection

Front 22

Risk factors for testicular carcinoma?

Back 22

Cryptorchidism with elevated testicular temp.

Front 23

Frequent ejaculation has been associated with?

Back 23

Lower risk of carcinoma of prostate.

Front 24

Phimosis?

When does it occur?

Back 24

Foreskin cannot be retracted.

May occur during first 6 years of life or recurrent infections or balanoposthitis (inflammation of teh glans penis and prepuce)
Also occurs when unsuccesful retraction leads to tearing of preputial ring resulting in adhesion of foreskin to the glans.

Front 25

what is balanitis?
who does it occur with?
Caused by?

Back 25

inflammation of the glans
uncircumscribed individuals
Bacterial or fungal infections and men with poorly controlled diabetes mellitus and a candidal infection.

Front 26

Pinpoint or round opening of external meatus?

normally looks like?

Back 26

meatal stenosis

slitlike on ventral surface mm's from the tip of the glans

Front 27

Bright erythema or discharge in the external meatus means?

Back 27

Inflammatory disease

Front 28

priapism?

Can occur because of?

Back 28

prolonged penil erection many times painful.



leukemia or hemoglobinopathies (sickle cell)

Front 29

Why does scrotum usually look assymetrical?

Back 29

left spermatic cord is longer and left testicle hangs lower because of it.

Front 30

Epidermoid cysts?

Also called?

Back 30

scrotum lumps that may secrete oily material.

Sebaceous cysts

Front 31

When can you see unusual thickening of the scrotum and what is the direct cause?

Back 31

Cardiac, renal, or hepatic disease leading to edema with pitting in the scrotum.

Front 32

Most common of the abdominal hernias?

Back 32

Indirect, lies within the inguinal canal and may come through the external canal and even pass into the scrotum. (common in young men)

Front 33

Femoral hernia more common in women or men?

Back 33

women. Rare in men.

Front 34

What causes testes to be insensitive to pain stimuli?

Back 34

Syphilis, diabetic neuropathy

Front 35

Vas deferens beaded or lumpy may indicate?

Back 35

old inflammatory changes (especially tuberculosis)

Front 36

Testicular tumors are most common caner in what age men?

Back 36

Young men

Front 37

What do warts look like on the penis?

Back 37

Small bumpy spots at first. Untreteaed teh become fleshy, cauliflower like appearance.

Front 38

Nonerect length of penis at birth?

Back 38

2-3 cm

Front 39

Hooked downward bowing of the penis suggests?

Back 39

Chordee (caused by presence of a fibrous band of tissue instead of normal skin along the corpus spongiosum. The condition is often associated with hypospadias and is surgically corrected in early childhood)

Front 40

Dripbbling or reduced force of urinary stream may indicate what in a newborn?

Back 40

stenosis of urethral meatus.

Front 41

Hypospadias may be associated with?

Back 41

sex chromosomal abnormality 47XXY or 47XYY

Front 42

How does the scrotum of a premature infant differ from a full term?

Back 42

May be underdeveloped, without rugae and without testes.

Front 43

Bifid scrotum?

Back 43

Deep cleft in infant scrotum usually associated with other genito anomalies or ambiguous genitalia.

Front 44

diameter of testicles in newborn?

Back 44

1 cm

Front 45

A testicle in an infant that can be pushed into the scrotum from the inguinal canal but that retracts back into the inguinal canal is considered?

Back 45

a descended testicle.

Front 46

If you are palpating the spermatic cord over the internal inguinal canal and the feeling of smoothness disappears?

Back 46

The peritoneum is passing through the ring indicating an invisible hernia.

Front 47

Visible bulge in inguinal area suggesting visible hernia in newborn feels like?

Back 47

crepitus on palpation

Front 48

How to spot hydrocele with closed tunica vaginalis?

Back 48

Transilumination occurs and no change in size when reduction of mass is attempted.

Front 49

A mass in scrotum doesnt transilluminate but changes in size when reduction (pushing back through external inguinal canal) is attempted?

Back 49

Hernia

Front 50

A mass in scrotum that doesnt change size upon reduction or transillumante?

Back 50

Incarcerated hernia (a medical emergency)

Front 51

If penis appears swollen tender or ecchymotic lesions present in child?

Back 51

possibly sexual abuse

Front 52

Scrotum that remains small flat and undeveloped in a child is a sign of?

Back 52

cryptorchidism

Front 53

Hard enlarged painless testicle in a child may indicate?

Back 53

Tumor

Front 54

in a child, Actue swelling in the scrotum with discoloration can result from?

Back 54

Torsion of the spermatic cord or orchitis

Front 55

In a child, acute painful swelling without discoloration and a thickened or nodular epididymis suggests?

Back 55

epididymitis

Front 56

Enlarged penis without enlargement of tests (in a child) ?

Back 56

precocious puberty, adrenal hyperplasia, or CNS lesion

Front 57

Don't forget to check out common abnormalities from pages 656-665

Back 57

fun stuff