Chapter 2 Notecards

Front 1

Squanto

Back 1

a Patuxt Indian who welcomed the first Pilgrims in excellent English.

Front 2

Puritans

Back 2

a member of a group of Protestants that arose in the 16th century within the Church of England, demanding the simplification of doctrine and worship, and greater strictness in religious discipline

Front 3

John Winthrop

Back 3

future governer of Massachusetts Bay, the core of his life was in his faith of God.

Front 4

Congregationalism

Back 4

a form of Protestant church government in which each local religious society is independent and self-governing.

Front 5

Antinomianism

Back 5

a person who maintains that Christians are freed from the moral law by virtue of grace as set forth in the gospel.

Front 6

Governer Nicolls

Back 6

first governer of new york (new amsterdam), helped seize the colony for england from the dutch

Front 7

Duke's Laws

Back 7

Laws which set out rules for how a person could be arrested in colonies, Indians followed them too.

Front 8

Peter Stuyvesant

Back 8

the last director-general, urged settlers to resist the english

Front 9

George Fox

Back 9

responsible for the Quaker's success, sparked a powerful new religious message that pushed beyond a traditional reformed Protestanism

Front 10

Charter of Liberties

Back 10

a new frame of government that established a one-house legislature (unicameral) and gave the representatives the right to initiate bills.

Front 11

Roger Williams

Back 11

Preached extreme separtism, was banished from the colony of Massachusetts but worked out the logic of his ideas in Providence.

Front 12

Anne Hutchinson

Back 12

her outspoken views scandalized orthodox leaders of church and state, she said she experienced divine inspiration independently, was exiled to Rhode Island.

Front 13

William Penn

Back 13

lived according to the inner light, wrote books testifying to his deep attachment to quaker principles.Designed his own government.

Front 14

True and Absolute Lord Proprietors of Carolina

Back 14

8 powerful courtiers who established themselves by this name, were granted charter to the territory between Virginia and Florida and running west as far as the "south seas"

Front 15

Fundamental Constitutions of Carolina

Back 15

a constitution that created a local aristocracy consisting of proprietors and lesser nobles called landgraves and cassiques.

Front 16

James Oglethorpe

Back 16

a British general and member of parliament who believed that he could thwart Spanish designs on the area south of Charles town while at the same time providing a fresh start for London's worthy poor, saving them from debtor's prison

Front 17

"Freemen"

Back 17

all adult males who had become of a Congregational church

Front 18

Glorious Revolution

Back 18

When the government lifted political restraints off the Catholics, the protestants raised up in what’s called the glorious revolution.

Front 19

Colonial regions – New England, Middle, Chesapeake, Southern.

Back 19

Under King James II of England, the New England colonies were briefly united as the Dominion of New England (1686–89).


The Middle Colonies, consisting of the present-day states of New York, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, and Delaware, were characterized by a large degree of diversity—religious, political, economic, and ethnic.

The colonial South included the plantation colonies of the Chesapeake region (Virginia, Maryland, and, by some classifications, Delaware) and the lower South (Carolina, which eventually split into North and South Carolina, and Georgia)

The Southern Colonies in North America were established by England during the 16th and 17th centuries and consisted of modern-day Virginia, South Carolina, North Carolina, Maryland and Georgia.

Front 20

Oliver Cromwell

Back 20

an English military and political leader best known in England for his overthrow of the monarchy and temporarily turning England into a republican Commonwealth.

Front 21

Joint Stock Company

Back 21

a business organization in which scores of people could invest without fear of bankruptcy.

Front 22

Richard Haklyt

Back 22

An aging visionary that argued that the North American mainland contained resources of incalculable value.

Front 23

Avarice

Back 23

Another word for greed. It is like lust and gluttony, a sin of excess.

Front 24

Captain John Smith

Back 24

an Admiral of New England, an English soldier, explorer, and author.

Front 25

Sir John Rolfe

Back 25

was one of the early English settlers of North America. He is credited with the first successful cultivation of tobacco as an export crop in the Colony of Virginia.

Front 26

Sir Edwin Sandys

Back 26

He was an English statesman and one of the founders of the proprietary Virginia Company of London, which in 1607 established the first permanent English settlement in what is now the United States in the colony of Virginia.

Front 27

Virginia Company

Back 27

The Virginia Company refers collectively to a pair of English joint stock companies chartered by James I on 10 April 1606 with the purposes of establishing settlements on the coast of North America

Front 28

Headright

Back 28

A 50 acre for which they paid only a small annual rent. Adventurers were granted additional headrights for each servant6 they brought to the colony.

Front 29

House of Burgesses

Back 29

Was the elected lower house in the legislative assembly in the New World established in the Colony of Virginia in 1619.

Front 30

Sir George Calvert

Back 30

1st Baron Baltimore, 8th Proprietary Governor of Newfoundland (1579 – 15 April 1632) was an English politician and coloniser.

Front 31

Lord Baltimore

Back 31

George was at first rewarded with title to land in Newfoundland.

When Cecil Calvert, second Lord Baltimore, created the colony of Maryland, he formed it based on the ideas of freedom of religion and separation of church and state.

Front 32

Seperatists

Back 32

Believed that the church of England retained too many traces of its catholic origin.

Front 33

William Bradford

Back 33

A wonderfully literate man who wrote of Plymouth Plantation, one of the first and certainly most poignant accounts of an early American settlement.

Front 34

Mayflower Compact

Back 34

To preserve the struggling community from anarchy, 41 men signed this agreement to "covenant and combine ourselves together into a civil body politick."