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21 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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arthroconidia |
Reproductive body of Coccidioides immitis, also arthrospore. |
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blood-brain barrier |
Decreased permeability of the walls of blood vessels in the brain, restricting access to that compartment. |
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botulinum toxin |
A neurotoxin produced by Clostridium botulinum that causes flaccid paralysis. |
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bulbar poliomyelitis |
Complication of polio infection in which the brain stem, medulla, or cranial nerves are affected. Leads to loss of respiratory control and paralysis of the trunk and limbs. |
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Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD) |
A spongiform encephalopathy caused by infection with a prion. The disease is marked by dementia, impaired senses, and uncontrollable muscle contractions. |
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human diploid cell vaccine (HDCV) |
A vaccine made using cell culture that is currently the vaccine of choice for preventing infection by rabies virus. |
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intoxication |
Poisoning that results from the introduction of a toxin into body tissues through ingestion or injection. |
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JC virus (JCV) |
Causes a form of encephalitis (progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy), especially in AIDS patients. |
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meninges |
The tough tri-layer membrane covering the brain and spinal cord. Consists of the dura mater, arachnoid mater, and pia mater. |
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meningitis |
An inflammation of the membranes (meninges) that surround and protect the brain. It is often caused by bacteria such as Neisseria meningitidis (the meningococcus) and Haemophilus influenzae. |
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neuron |
Impulse-transmitting cells of the nervous system. Each cell is composed of axons, dendrites, and a cell body. |
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neurotropic |
Having an affinity for the nervous system; most likely to affect the spinal cord. |
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petechiae |
Minute hemorrhagic spots in the skin that range from pinpoint- to pinhead size. |
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pneumococcus |
Common name for Streptococcus pneumoniae, the major cause of bacterial pneumonia. |
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poliomyelitis |
An acute enteroviral infection of the spinal cord that can cause neuromuscular paralysis. |
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prions |
Proteinaceous infectious particles that cause transmissible spongiform encephalopathies (TSEs). |
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progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML) |
An uncommon, fatal complication of infection with JC virus (polyoma virus). |
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rabies |
The only rhabdovirus that infects humans. Zoonotic disease characterized by fatal meningoencephalitis. |
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subacute |
Indicates an intermediate status between acute and chronic disease. |
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tetanospasmin |
The neurotoxin of Clostridium tetani, the agent of tetanus. Its chief action is directed upon the inhibitory synapses of the anterior horn motor neurons. |
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transmissible spongiform encephalopathies |
(TSEs) Neurodegenerative diseases with long incubation periods, but rapid progressions once they begin. |
