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12 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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fluorescein angiography
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intravenous injection of fluorescein (a dye) followed by serial photographs of the retina through dilated pupils. This tests provides diagnostic information about blood flow in the retina, detects, vascular changes in diabetic and hypertensive retinopathy, and identifies lesions in the macular area of the regina.
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ophthalmoscopy
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Visual examination of the interior of the eye. Ideally, the pupil is dilated and the physician holds the ophthalmoscope closed to the patient's eye, shining the light into the back of the eye.
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slit lamp microscopy
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Examination of anteror ocular structures under microscopic magnification. This procedure provides a magnified view of the conjunctiva, sclera, cornea, anterior chamber, iris, lens, and vitreous. Tonometry (ton/o = tension) measures intraocular pressure to detect glaucoma.
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visual acuity test
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Clarity of vision is assessed. A patients reads a Snellen chart at 20 feet (distance vision test). Visual acuity is expressed as a ratio, such as 20/20.
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visual field test
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Measures the area within which objects are seen when the eyes are fixed, looking straight ahead without movement of the head.
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enucleation
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Removal of the entire eyeball. This surgical procedure is necessary to treat tumors such as ocular melanoma (malignant tumor of pigmented cells in the choroid layer) or if an eye has become blind and painful from trauma or disease, such as glaucoma.
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keratoplasty
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Surgical repair of the cornea. Also known as corneal transplant procedure (penetrating keratoplasty). The ophthalmic surgeon removes the patient's scarred or opaque cornea and replaces it iwht a donor cornea ("button" or graft), which is sutured into place.
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laser photocoagulation
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Intense, precisely focused light beam (argon laser) creates an inflammatory reaction that seals retinal tears and leaky retinal blood vessels. This procedure is useful to treat retinal tears, diabmetic retinopathy, and macular degeneration.Laser is an acronym for light amplification by stimulated emission of radiation.
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LASIK
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Use of an excimer laser to correct errors of refraction (myopia, hyperopia, and astigmatism).The surgeon lifts the top layer of the cornea (a slap is made) and uses a laser to sculpt the cornea. The corneal flap is then repositioned.
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phacoemulsification
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Ultrasonic vibrations break up the lens, which then is aspirated through the ultrasonic probe. This is a typical surgery for cataract removal.
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scleral buckle
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Suture of a silicon band to the sclera over a detached portion of the retina. The band pushes the two parts of the retina against each other to bring together the two layers of the detached retina.
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vitrectomy
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Removal of the vitreous humor; it is replaced with a clear solution. This is necessary when blood and scar tissue accumulate in the vitreous humor (a complication of diabetic retinopathy).
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