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75 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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steerage
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poorest accommodations
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old immigration
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Protestants from northwestern Europe
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new immigration
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from southeastern Europe
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Angel Island
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San Francisco where immigrants came to U.S.
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Ellis Island
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New York Harbor where immigrants came, opened in 1892.
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deported
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sent back to home country
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sand lotters
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disliked the chinese
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benevolent socities
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aid organizations
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nativists
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born Americans, opposed immigration.
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Immigration Restriction League
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wanted to make literacy tests for immirgrant, founded by wealthy Bostonians
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literacy test
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test to be taken by all immigrants
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Chinese Exclusion Act
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denied citizenship to people born in China and prohibited the immigration of Chinese laborers.
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skyscrapers
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multistory buildings
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Elisha Otis
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developed the elevator
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mass transit
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extended U.S. cities outward
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Frank Sprague
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invented the trolley car
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upper class
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rich, conspicous consumption
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middle class
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proffessionals
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poor class
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lived in tenament houses
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conspicious consumption
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the rich that spent money freely to show how successful they were
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nouveau riche
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newly rich
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tenament housing
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poorly built apartment buildings for the poor
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settlement housing
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community service centers in poor neighborhoods
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Jane Adams
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founded settlement houses, "Hull House"
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Social Gospel
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called for people to apply Christian principles to address social problems
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Compulsory Education Laws
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laws requiring parents to send children to school
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John Dewey
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believed in hands on learning, was a philosopher
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Fredrick Olmstead
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designed Central Park in New York City
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yellow journalism
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using pictures and illustrations to enhance reportings
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leisure time
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bicycling and crochet in the park
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City Beautiful Movement
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cleaned up and put in new parks
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baseball
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African Americans were excluded, Cincinnati Red Stockings
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basketball
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James Naismith invented the game, women were encouraged to play
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football
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came from the British game of rugby, Walter Camp played for Yale.
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vaudeville
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type of play that featured a wide selection of short performances
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ragtime music
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created by African American musicians, emerged in the 1890's
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theater
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edwin booth played in romeo and juliet plays
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suburb
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residential neighborhoods on the outskirts of a city
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political machines
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get members elected to their political offices
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political bosses
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managed the machines, dictated the party positions on city ordinances and made deals with business leaders.
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Alexander Shepherd
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Washington D.C., he provided public services. he gave jobs to voters by bribing. spent 20$ million fixing the civic environment
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James Pendergast
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Kansas City, had immigrant voters because he gave them jobs, he used people and did anything to get votes
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Charles Yerkes
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Chicago, provided jobs, services, improved transit. bribed Chicago.
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Tammy Hall
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political club that gained considerable power in the 1860s and early 1870s. William Twead
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William Tweed
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Tammany Hall, NYC. made more jobs in the city, Tweed& ring of supporters used power to gain bribers. collected 200 million dollars in graft
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graft and corruption
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ways to get money illegally or dishonest methods.
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election fraud
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immigrants would vote more than once in different towns or under different names
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Thomas Nast
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drew political cartoons, exposed Tweed for fraud and extortion
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kickbacks/ bribes
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payments of part of the earnings from a job or contracts.
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Credit Mobilier Scandal
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overcharged the Union Pacific by over 20 million dollars
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Whiskey Scandal
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Treasury Department accepted bribes from distributors of whiskey. In return treasury reduced the amount of taxes the distributors had to pay
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Mark Twain
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published a book that examined the values of wealthy Americans and the nature of national politics after the Civil War.
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Gilded Age
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era where political leaders were not trusted and only in it to get rich
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Stalwarts
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strongly opposed civil service reform. group led by Conkling.
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half breeds
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led by James G Blaine of Maine led them. Republican part, supported civil service reforms
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Pendleton Civil Service System
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President Arthur helped secure this act, established Civil service commission to administer competitive examinations to those people seeking government jobs
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Charles Guiteau
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mentally unstable man who wanted a government job, he shot Garfield
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mugwamps
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reformers that supported the Democratic candidate
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Election of 1888
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Cleveland won popular votes, however Harrison won overall with ten electoral votes
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Electoral College
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based on population
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Billion Dollar Congress
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when congress spent a ton of money freely
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National Grange
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the National Grange of the Patrons of Husbandrym was founded by Oliver Kelley. They formed cooperatives to lower costs
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Farmers Alliance
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organized cooperatives to buy equipment and to market farm products, it offered farmers low-cost insurance.
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Mary Lease
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Alliance leader, she traveled the country urging people to take action
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Populist party
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alliance members, farmers, labor leaders, and reformers
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"Cross of Gold" speech
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given by William Jennings Bryan, stressed the importance of the silver issue to farmers and less fortunate people over the U.S.
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William Jennings Bryan
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was nominated when McKinley was rejected, he was a two term representative from Nebraska, supported by populist party
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Interstate Commerace Act
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prohibited railroads from giving secret rebates or refunds to large shippers or charging more for short hauls than for long hauls over the same line.
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I.C.C.
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created by the interstate commerace act, was made to monitor railroad activities but was given little power to enforce its rulings
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cooperatives
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organizations
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graduated income tax
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taxed higher incomes at a higher rate
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Panic of 1893
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nations leading railroad companies failed, that triggered the panic of 1893 it was a financial panic that sent stock prices plunging leaving 3 million unemployed
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gold standard
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each dollar was equal to and redeemable for a set amount of gold
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interstate
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goes from east to west coast
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intrastate
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in one state
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