Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
26 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
3 Types of Membrane Transport
|
Simple Diffusion
Active Transport Facilitated Diffusion |
|
|
Simple Diffusion
|
No Energy Required
No membrane protein required Not specific Goes with concentration Gradient |
|
|
Facilitated Diffusion
|
No Energy Required
Membrane Protein Required Not specific Goes with concentration gradient |
|
|
Active Transport
|
Energy Required
Membrane Protein Required Specific Goes against concentration gradient |
|
|
Which of the 3 types of membrane transport are passive?
Which are active |
Passive = Simple Diffusion
Facilitated diffusion Active = Active Transport |
|
|
What are the two types of Endocytosis
|
Phagocytosis - entering of solids
Pinocytosis - entering of liquids |
|
|
Hypotonic
|
High Water; Low solute
|
|
|
Hypertonic
|
High Solute; Low water
|
|
|
Hypertonic or Hypotonic, which do plant cells prefer?
|
Hypotonic
|
|
|
Aquaporins
|
Aquaporins - type of facilitated diffusion
selective water channels found on many cell membranes |
|
|
Gap Junctions
|
Direct Contact
animal cells |
|
|
Local Diffusion
|
Secretory Cells
i.e. paracrine signals |
|
|
Endocrine Signaling
|
Distant target cells
|
|
|
Synaptic Signaling
|
Neurotransmitters b/w nerve cell and target cell.
|
|
|
Enzymatic Receptor
|
turns on enzyme
|
|
|
Membrane Bound Receptors
|
Ligand gated Ion Channels
G-Protein Linked Receptors Enzymatic Receptor Tyrosine- Kinase (protein kinase) Receptor |
|
|
Intracellular Receptors
|
Gene Regulators
Transcription Factors |
|
|
When is G-Linked Protein Receptor on?
|
When it is attached to GTP
|
|
|
What is a Tyrosine (Protein) - Kinase Receptor?
|
catalyzes the phosphorylation of a target molecule using a phosphate obtained from ATP
|
|
|
What is a Second Messenger?
|
All of the intermediates that help to further the interaction between receptor and response
Small Water Soluble Non-proteins; ions Non-enzymes |
|
|
List Second Messengers
|
cAMP
IP3 DAG Ca2+ |
|
|
cAMP
|
cyclic AMP
(because of the ring structure it forms between phosphate and ribose sugar) turns on protein kinase |
|
|
Importance of cAMP
|
relays messages that stimulate breakdown of glycogen into glucose in muscle and liver cells.
|
|
|
Ca 2+
|
found in large quantities in E.R.
|
|
|
Calmodulin
|
enzyme that pumps Ca 2+ out of cytosol and into E.R.
on if high [ Ca2+] in cytosol off if low [Ca2+] in cytosol |
|
|
IP3 / DAG
|
second messengers formed from phospholipids when hydrolized by phospholipase
|
