Chapter 15

Front 1

Hollow space in the nose

Back 1

Nasal cavity

Front 2

Chamber between nasal cavity and the larynx

Back 2

Pharynx

Front 3

Opening into the larynx

Back 3

Glottis

Front 4

Cartilaginous structure between pharynx and trachea

Back 4

Larynx

Front 5

Connects larynx to brochi

Back 5

Trachea

Front 6

Connects trachea to lungs

Back 6

Bronchus

Front 7

Connects bronchus to alveoli

Back 7

Bronchiole

Front 8

Cone-shaped organ in thoracic cavity

Back 8

Lung

Front 9

Thin-walled sac where gas exchange occurs

Back 9

Alveolus

Front 10

The structure in the lungs where the actual gas exchange takes place is the

Back 10

Alveolus

Front 11

Symptoms of otitis media may include

A. Nasal congestion

B. Pain in the ear

C. Fever

D. Hearing loss

E. Pressure (fullness in the ear)

Back 11

B, C, D, E

Front 12

Internal Exchange- Molecule of oxygen in the bloodstream to a red blood cell

Back 12

1. Alveolar wall

2. Capillary wall (endothelium)

3. Plasma

4. Red blood cell membrane

Front 13

The act of expelling air from the lungs is called _____ or exhalation

Back 13

Expiration

Front 14

Ventilation includes

Back 14

Inspiration and expiration

Front 15

The cardiovascular system is most directly involved in which of these homeostatic functions

-transport of gases between lungs and tissues

-internal respiration

-external respiration

-cellular respiration

Back 15

Transport of gases between lungs and tissues (both)

Front 16

The exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide between the blood and tissue fluid is called _____ respiration

Back 16

Internal

Front 17

Organisms that require oxygen die quickly because when deprived they aren't about to produce ____

Back 17

ATP

Front 18

Select all of the following that contribute to cleaning the air entering the respiratory system.

-mucus in the trachea

-cilia in the nasal cavities

-blood vessels

-cilia in lungs

-hairs in nostrils

Back 18

Mucus in the trachea, cilia in nasal cavities, hairs in nostrils

Front 19

Arrange the following by the order in which a molecule of oxygen would travel, starting from a nostril and ending in an alveolus

Back 19

1.nasopharynx

2.pharynx

3.larynx

4.trachea

5.bronchus

6.bronchiole

Front 20

On a cold day, the nose may drip from the excess moisture in the warm air that condenses during

Back 20

Expiration

Front 21

Narrow canals in the nose that are separated from one another by a septum composed of bone and cartilage are called

Back 21

Nasal cavities

Front 22

The location of the odor receptors is on the ____ of the cells high in the nasal cavities

Back 22

Cilia

Front 23

When a person cries, their nose runs because

Back 23

The tear glands drain into the nasal cavities

Front 24

The sinuses

Back 24

-are air filled spaces in the bones of the skull

-increase the resonance (fullness) of the voice

-reduce the weight of the skull

Front 25

Where the pharynx opens into the laryns

Back 25

Laryngopharynx

Front 26

Where nasal cavities open posterior to the soft palate

Back 26

Nasopharynx

Front 27

Where the mouth opens

Back 27

Oropharynx

Front 28

Important lymphoid components of the immune system which are located in the pharynx are known as _____

Back 28

Tonsils

Front 29

Air at normal room temperature undergoes which of the following as it enters the human respiratory system?

Back 29

Warming, humidification, filtration

Front 30

Especially in males, the larynx undergoes the greatest amount of change during

Back 30

Puberty

Front 31

When the tension of the vocal cords is increased, the voice becomes

Back 31

Higher

Front 32

During swallowing, the opening to the nasal passages is blocked by a portion of the

Back 32

Palate

Front 33

The human trachea is held open by cartilaginous rings shaped like the letter

S

D

O

C

Back 33

"C"

Front 34

The trachea lies directly in front of the

Back 34

Esophagus

Front 35

Smoking destroys the _____ that project from the epithelial cells that line the trachea, allowing toxins to collect in the ____

Back 35

Cilia, lungs

Front 36

Cells that line the trachea and produce a mucus are known as ______ cells

Back 36

Goblet

Front 37

The small tubes that conduct air from a bronchus to the alveoli in terrestrial vertebrates are called ______

Back 37

Bronchioles

Front 38

Bronchioles are formed from the splitting of the _____. Bronchioles lead to the _____ in the lungs.

Back 38

Bronchi, alveoli

Front 39

The alveolus is the actual place of ___ exchange in the lungs

Back 39

Gas

Front 40

An internal respiratory organ that contains moist surfaces for the exchange of gases is called a ___

Back 40

Lung

Front 41

True or False: Lobules are larger than lobes in the lungs

Back 41

False

Front 42

The thoracic cavity is separated from the abdominal cavity by a muscle called the _______

Back 42

Diaphragm

Front 43

Thin serous membranes called pleurae cover which of these body surfaces? Select all that apply

A. Heart

B. Lungs

C. Internal chest wall

D. Diaphragm

E. External chest wall

Back 43

Lungs, internal chest wall, diaphragm

Front 44

Select the features of an alveolus that allows for the exchange of gases

Back 44

Surrounded by blood capillaries

Made up of simple squamous epithelium

Front 45

In babies born prematurely, a deficiency of pulmonary surfactant can cause

Back 45

Infant respiratory distress syndrome

Front 46

The structure that covers the glottis and prevents food from entering the larynx during swallowing is called the _______

Back 46

Epiglottis

Front 47

Treatments that are used for cystic fibrosis may include

Back 47

Slapping the patient on the back

Mucus-thinning drugs

Front 48

Contracting the abdominal muscles and the intercostal muscles increases _______ reserve volume. Expanding the chest and lowering the diaphragm increases the _______ reserve volume.

Back 48

Expiratory, inspiratory

Front 49

Gas exchange in the lungs and tissues takes place by the physical process of ______.

Back 49

Diffusion

Front 50

Strep throat

Back 50

Is always caused by a bacterium

Is usually curable with antibiotics

Front 51

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) includes

Back 51

Chronic bronchitis

Asthma

Emphysema

Front 52

Place the typical steps in the development of lung cancer in the correct sequence

Back 52

1. Thickening of the respiratory passages

2. Loss of cilia

3. Appearance of cells with atypical nuclei

4. Growth of a tumor

5. Metastasis

Front 53

Why are there fewer tonsillectomies performed today than in the recent past?

Back 53

The tonsils serve important functions in immunity

Front 54

An effective treatment for asthma is the use of a group of drugs called beta-agonists, which work by dilating the ________.

Back 54

Bronchioles

Front 55

Match each component with its location in the thoracic cavity.

Back 55

Diaphragm- floor

Ribs- top and sides

Sternum- anterior

Vertebrae- posterior

Front 56

During external respiration, oxygen from air in the alveoli diffuses into the

Back 56

Pulmonary capillaries

Front 57

After a deep, forced exhalation, there is some air left in the lungs, referred to as the _______ volume.

Back 57

Residual

Front 58

Most of the oxygen carried in the blood is bound specifically to the

Back 58

Heme portion of hemoglobin

Front 59

Breathing at a high rate is called _______; breathing at a low rate is called _______.

Back 59

Hyperventilation; hypoventilation

Front 60

Select all of the following that are associated with the breathing of asbestos

Back 60

1. Pulmonary fibrosis

2. Lung cancer

Front 61

The rate and depth of breathing is controlled by a respiratory center in the medulla oblongata of the ____.

Back 61

Brain

Front 62

Pulmonary tuberculosis is caused by

Back 62

A bacterium

Front 63

The maximum amount of air that can be moved in and out of the lungs during a single breath is the _____ capacity.

Back 63

Vital

Front 64

Match the conditions with the symptoms

Back 64

Laryngitis- hoarseness

Pharyngitis- an inflammation of the throat

Tonsillitis- aggregates of the lymphoid tissue in the pharynx become inflamed and enlarged

Front 65

Which of these are common symptoms of sinusitis

Back 65

Drainage (discharge) in nasal cavity

Headache

Facial pain

Front 66

Select all of the following that are formed during the dissociation of carbonic acid as it occurs in the tissue capillaries

Back 66

Bicarbonate ions

Hydrogen ions

Front 67

Sensory receptors in the carotid arteries, which are sensitive to hydrogen ion and oxygen concentrations, are called _____ ______.

Back 67

Carotid bodies

Front 68

Upper respiratory infections can spread directly to the (2 answers)

Back 68

Sinuses and middle ear

Front 69

Reduced hemoglobin is formed when the hemoglobin combines with ______ ions.

Back 69

Hydrogen

Front 70

Internal respiration is the exchange of gases between the blood and ______ _____

Back 70

Tissue fluid

Front 71

Most cases of acute bronchitis are initiated by a viral infection which is followed by

Back 71

A bacterial infection