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23 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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psychological disorders
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thoughts, feelings, behaviors that are deviat, distressful, dysfunctional
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deviant
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behaving differently that most other people in one's culture, determined by cultural norms
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distressful
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behavior causes feelings of discomfort and suffering
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dysfunctional
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behavior interferes with your life, impairs ability to deal effectively with the environment, impairs ability to research reasonable goals, impairs ability to interact with other people
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Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders 4th edition (DSM-IV)
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covers all mental health disorders, descriptions of disorders, statistics, prognosis, research concerning treatment approaches, very reliable
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Anxiety disorders
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axiety becomes so magnified that it becomes disruptive to the person's life
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Generalized Anxiety Disorder
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anxeity without having to be in contact with specific object or situation, unexplainable tension and uneasiness, shakiness, sweaty palms, heart palpitations, difficulty concentrating, apprehensive and anxious, even when things seem to be going well
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panic disorder
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panic attacks, episodes of intense dread, feelings of terror, chest pains, choking, shortness of breath, attacks last several minutes, more extreme and frightening reactions than general anxiety disorder, people can start fearing the fear itself, and start to avoid situations where panic has hit them before
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agoraphobia
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fear of being in any place or situation from which escape might be difficult or embarrassing in the event of a panic attack
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phobias
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worries or fears of a particular stimuls or situation that is out of proportion to its real danger, when confronted with stimulus, person becomes anxious, person will often avoid contact with stimulus
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Compulsive Disorder (OCD)
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people do unnatural things over and over, even when they know their actions are irrational, devote hours to rituals everyday
obsessions-persistent and repetitive thoughts and impulses compulsions-behaviors that result from obsessions |
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natural selection
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humans biologically prepared to fear the threats that our ancestors faced
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mood disorders
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invovle states of intense positive or negative emotion
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major depressive disorder
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person experiences prolonged hopelessness and lethargy until usually rebounding to normality
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major depressive disorder
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person experiences prolonged hoplessness and lethargy until usually rebounding to normality, episodes tpically last between 2 weeks and 6 months, between episodes, person can function normally
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bipolar disorder
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person alternates between depression and mania
manic episode-eupthoria, elated mood, hyperacitivy, inability to sleep, extreme talkativeness, increase agitation |
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self defeating beliefs
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may arise from learned helplessness, when people experience unavoidable failure they give up and become depressed,
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explantory style
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the way people explain things that happen to them
internal causes within themselves, stable causes that will continue in time, global attributions predicting future failures at a wide range of tasks |
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Schizophrenia
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delusions, false and illogical beliefs, hallucinations, seeing visions or hearing sounds that are not actually there, illogical thinking, incoherent speech, bizarre behavior, world salad-jumping from one idea to another while speaking, inappropriate emotions, inappropriate actions
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positive symptoms
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presence of inappropriate behaviors
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negative symptoms
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absence of appropriate behaviors
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dopamine overactivity
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increased receptor for dopamine, intensifies brain signals and creates positive symptoms like hallucinations and paranoia
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abnormal brain activity and anatomy
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abnormal activity in multiple brain areas, abnormally low brain activity in frontal lobes, which are critical for reasoning, planning, and problem solving
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