Chapter 14 Personality

Front 1

What is personaltiy?

Back 1

An individuals unique constellation of consistent behavioral traits.
And the distinct patterns of behaviors including thoughts and feelings that characterize a persons adaption to the demands of life.

Front 2

What are the 4 principle uses of personality tests?

Back 2

1) psychological Research: Measuring personaltiy traits in empirical studies.
2)Counceling:advising people on career plans and decisions
3)Personnel Selection:Choosing employees for business and government
4)Clinical Diagnosis:assessing the type of psychological disorder a person may have.

Front 3

What is the Self-Report Inventories (SRI)

Back 3

Such as MMPI and the 16 PF tests that measure multiple traits.

Front 4

What does the MMPI stand for?

Back 4

Minnosota Multifasic Personality Inventory

Front 5

What does the 16 PF stand for?

Back 5

Personaltiy Factors

Front 6

What does the MMPI do?

Back 6

Designed to diagnose psychological disorders. It contains 567 questions, 4 validity scales to help detect deception. and it has 10 clinical scales in this test.

Front 7

What does the 16 PF do?

Back 7

Its designed to assess the normal personality. it contains 187 questions.

Front 8

What are the diadvantages of the SRI's?

Back 8

The are subject to several sources of error such as: 1)Deliberatly Deceive 2)Social Desireability Bias and 3)Response Set Error

Front 9

What are projective tests?

Back 9

People tend to project their characteristics onto ambigous stimuli, so that what they see reveals something about their personalities and problems

Front 10

what are the 2 major projective tests?

Back 10

1)Rorschach Ink Blot Test
2)TAT (Thematic Appreception Test)

Front 11

What are the Advantages of Projective Tests?

Back 11

1)Since the way the tests are interpreted is not at all obvious, it is difficult for people to engage in intentional deception.
2)May help tap problems or aspects of the personality of which people are unconscious or unaware.

Front 12

What are the 3 levels of traits according to Gordon Allport?

Back 12

1)Cardinal Traits: Characterised almost all of a person's behavior.
2)Central Traits: the 5 or 10 dominant traits possessed by most people.
3)Secondary Traits: the less consistent disposistions that occur in some situations, but not others.

Front 13

What did James Cattel Believe?

Back 13

Proposed classification scheme for personality traits derived from the statistical procedure of factor analysis. This system reduces Allports list of traits words to 16 source traits

Front 14

What is Costa and McCraes 5 factor inventory?

Back 14

1)Neurotiscm v/s Emotional Stability
2)Extroversion v/s Introversion
3)Openess to experience v/s lack of openess to experience
4)Agreeable v/s Antagonism
5)Conscientiousness v/s undirectedness

Front 15

What is the ego?

Back 15

Mediator; able to delay gratification; reality principle

Front 16

What is the Id?

Back 16

Instinctive urges contains all psych energy; pleasure principle.

Front 17

What is the Superego?

Back 17

The conscience; moral component

Front 18

What did Frued believe?

Back 18

That most of our conflicts center in sexual and aggressive urges.

Front 19

Rationalization

Back 19

Creating false but reasonable sounding excuses.

Front 20

Repression

Back 20

Pushing distressing thoughts into the unconscious.

Front 21

Projection

Back 21

Attributing ones own thoughts, feelings, or conflicts to another.

Front 22

Displacement

Back 22

Diverting emotional feelings from their orginal source to a substitute target.

Front 23

Reaction Formation

Back 23

Taking on an emotion the exact opposite of the way one really feels.

Front 24

Regression

Back 24

A return to an earlier. less mature stage of development.

Front 25

Identifictation

Back 25

Forming a real or imaginary alliance with a group or person; becoming like them.

Front 26

What are Freuds 5 psychosexual stages of development?

Back 26

1)Oral:First year
2)Anal:Second year
3)Phallic:Ages 3-5
4)Latency:Ages 5-puberty
5)Genital:Puberty on

Front 27

What is the Oedipus Complex?

Back 27

Male complex experienced in phallic stage.

Front 28

What is the Electra Complex?

Back 28

Female complex experience in phallic stage.

Front 29

What did Jung Believe?

Back 29

Emphasized the unconscious determinants of personality just as Freud did. He proposed the unconscious consists of two layers.

Hint 29

Came up with Analytical Psychology

Front 30

What are the 2 layers of personal unconscious

Back 30

1)Personal Unconscious:Similar to Freuds but has less emphasis on sexuality.
2)Collective Unconscious:Repository of inherited, ancestral memories, which jung termed ARCHETYPES.

Front 31

What are arachetypes?

Back 31

ancestral memories such as All-powered God, the young hero, wicked witches, wise old man, fairy godmothers, the fertile/nurturing mother.

Front 32

What was Jungs major contribution to psychology?

Back 32

Extroversion and Introversion

Front 33

What did Adler Believe?

Back 33

The driving force behind the human personality was striving for superiority and the attempt to overcome childhood feelings of inferiority.

Front 34

What is the Inferiority Complex?

Back 34

An exaggerated feeling of inadequacy supposedly caused by parental pampering or parental neglect in early childhood.

Front 35

Who believed that Birth Order had a major impact on personality?

Back 35

Adler.

Front 36

What is the inkblot test?

Back 36

Commonly used projective test in which the subject is asked to examine inkblots and say what they look like or bring to mind.

Front 37

What is the California Psychological Inventory (CPI)?

Back 37

It is designed to test dominance, sociability. self-acceptance,socail presence, self control, responsibility, etc.

Front 38

What is the Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)?

Back 38

Projective test for personality assessment in which the subject is shown cards depicting various scenes and is asked to describe what is happening in each scene.