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19 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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the accurate duplication of chromosomal DNA depends on origins of ________ and ________
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replication and telomeres
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What's the length of the cell cycle in humans?
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~24 hours
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bidirectionally
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proceeds in two directions
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what's the shorter name for replication unit?
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replicon
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replication unit is what?
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the DNA running both ways from one origin of replication to the endpoints, where it merges with DNA from adjoining replication forks
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What does ARSs stand for?
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autonomously replicating sequences
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origins of replication are accessible regions of DNA devoid of ______
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nucleosomes
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telomere
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protective cap; contains no genes
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What is the telomere made of?
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composed of DNA associated with proteins; contains no genes
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What end can DNA polymerase construct in a chromosome?
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the 3' end of each newly made DNA strand in a chromosome, but not the 5' end
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telomerase
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an enzyme that adds DNA sequence repeats ("TTAGGG" in all vertebrates) to the 3' end of DNA strands in the telomere regions, which are found at the ends of eukaryotic chromosomes
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________ have the longest telomeres
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sperm!
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telomere DNA helps maintain and replicate chromosome ends by binding two types of proteins:
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protective proteins and telomerase
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The RNA portion of telomerase contains:
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contains 3' AAUCCC 5' repeats that are complementary to the 5' TTAGGG 3' repeats in telomeres
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satellite DNAs
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blocks of repetitive, simple noncoding sequences
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What humansatellite predominates?
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α-satellite
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cohesin
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a protein complex that acts as the glue holding sister chromatids together until segregation
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kinetochore
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a specialized structure composed of DNA and proteins that is the site at which chromosomes attach to the spindle fibers
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centromeres contribute to proper chromosome segregation through elaboration of a __________
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kinetochore
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