Apes Chapter 13 Test Review

Front 1

Source of the Colorado River water

Back 1

Snow melt in the Rocky Mountains

Front 2

Percentage of the Earth covered by water

Back 2

71%

Front 3

Percentage of the Earth's water supply that is liquid water

Back 3

0.024%

Front 4

Water Hotspot

Back 4

An area with high competition for scarce water resources

Front 5

Water table

Back 5

Moves down in dry weather and up in wet weather

Front 6

Zone of saturation

Back 6

The area where the spaces in the soil and rock are completely filled with water

Front 7

Aquifer

Back 7

A geological layer consisting of underground caverns and porous layers of sand, gravel, or bedrock that trap groundwater

Front 8

Watershed

Back 8

The land from which surface water drains into a particular lake, river, or other body of water

Front 9

The majority of freshwater withdrawn is for

Back 9

Agriculture

Front 10

Virtual Water

Back 10

Indirectly used water, used to produce food and other products

Front 11

The percentage of China's major cities are already facing water shortages

Back 11

67%

Front 12

Subsidence

Back 12

The land above an aquifer sinks due to overdrafting

Front 13

Reverse osmosis

Back 13

A method of desalination that involves using high pressure to force saltwater through a membrane filter with pores small enough to remove salt

Front 14

Distillation

Back 14

A method of desalination that involves heating saltwater until it evaporates, leaving salt behind

Front 15

Saltwater intrusion

Back 15

Overdrafting an aquifer to the point that salt water is pulled into the freshwater aquifer from local wetlands

Front 16

Advantages of dams and reservoirs

Back 16

Produce electricity, supply water for irrigation, provide recreational areas, and reduce downstream flooding

Front 17

Disadvantages of dams and reservoirs

Back 17

Displaces people, disrupts migration patterns, reduces nutrients downstream and water loss through evaporation

Front 18

California Water Project

Back 18

The world's largest water transfer project

Front 19

Colorado River Basin

Back 19

Supplies water to the driest states in the US.

Front 20

Gravity Flow Irrigation

Back 20

Unlined ditches are flooded with water which is absorbed by soil and crops

Front 21

Drip Irrigation

Back 21

The most efficient means of water delivery to crops

Front 22

Center Pivot Irrigation

Back 22

Uses pumps to spray water directly onto crops

Front 23

Flood prevention

Back 23

Conserve and restore wetlands

Front 24

Major cause of flooding

Back 24

Destroying vegetation

Front 25

Aral Sea

Back 25

A water transfer project gone wrong, resulting in high saline water, decreased biodiversity, and water shortages