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32 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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a closed system of the heart and blood vessels |
the cardiovascular system |
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function of the cardiovascular system |
deliver oxygen and nutrients and to remove carbon dioxide and other waste products |
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location of the heart |
thorax between the lungs in inferior mediastinum |
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heart pointed apex towards base points toward |
left hip right shoulder |
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a double walled sac |
pericardium |
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loose and superficial pericardium |
fibrous pericardium |
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deep to the fibrous pericardium and composed of two layers |
serous membrane |
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two layers of serous membrane |
visceral pericardium (next to heart;epicardium) parietal pericardium (outside layer of inner surface of fibrous pericardium) |
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what fills the space between the layers of pericardium |
serous fluid |
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three layers of the heart wall |
epicardium (outside, visceral pericardium, connective tissue) myocardium (middle layer, mostly cardiac muscle) endocardium (inner layer, endothelium) |
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four chambers of the heart |
atria- receiving chambers (right and left atrium) ventricles- discharging chambers (right and left ventricle) |
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separates the two ventricles |
interventricular septum |
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separates the two atria |
interatrial septum |
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allow blood to flow only in one direction to prevent backflow |
the heart valves |
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atrioventricular valves (AV) |
between atria and ventricles bicuspid (mitral) (left side of the heart) tricuspid (right side of the heart) |
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semilunar valves |
between ventricle and artery pulmonary semilunar valve aortic semilunar valve |
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anchored in place by chordae tendinea (“heart strings”) |
av valves |
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a large vein on the posterior of the heart, receives blood from cardiac veins |
coronary sinus |
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blood empties into the right atrium via the |
coronary sinus |
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heart muscle cells contract without nerve impulses in a regular continuous way |
intrinsic conduction system (nodal system) |
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sinotrial mode (SA mode) |
pacemaker in the right atrium |
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atrioventricular bundle (AV bundle) |
bundle of his in the interventricular septum |
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contraction is initiated by the |
sinoatrial nose (SA node) |
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when are av valves open? closed? |
heart relaxation ventricular contraction |
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when are semilunar valves open? closed? |
ventricular contraction heart relaxation |
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blood flows from the left side of the heart through the body tissues and back to the right side of the heart |
systematic circulation |
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blood flows from the right side of the heart to the lungs and back to the left side of the heart |
pulmonary circulation |
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arteries |
aorta (leaves left ventricle) pulmonary arteries (leaves right ventricle) (“exception”) |
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veins |
superior and inferior venae cavae (enter right atrium) pulmonary veins (4) (enter left atrium) (“exception”) |
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hearts own nourishing circulatory system, nourished the myocardium |
coronary circulation |
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branch from the aorta to supply the heart muscle with oxygenated blood |
coronary arteries |
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drain the myocardium of blood |
cardiac veins |
