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54 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Final process before the fabric is cut into apparel or other goods
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Finishing
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Makes fabrics suitable for their intended uses
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Finishes
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Where is most finishing performed at
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The same plant as dyeing and printing
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Type of finish that change the appearance, hand, and or drape
Feel better &/or look better |
Aesthetic Finishes
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Type of finish that will improve the fiber
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Functional Finishes
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Category of finish that lasts for the life of the product
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Permanent
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Category of finish that starts to diminish after laundered
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Durable
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Category of finish that lasts through several launderings
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semi durable
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Category of finish that lasts until laundered once
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Temporary
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Cleans the fabric of all soil and additives that have accumulated from the weaving or knitting process
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Pretreatment process
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Boil off pretreatment process is used on: _____, ________ _____, ______, &________ fibers
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Cotton, cotton blends, silk, and manmade
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Scouring pretreatment process is used on:
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Wools
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Desizing pretreatment process removes:
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Warp starches
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Solvent Scouring Pretreatment process removes
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oils used during knitting
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Carbonizing pretreatment process removes
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cellulosic materials from wools
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Beaching pretreatment process-
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produces a pure white; natural fibers
example: Clorox |
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Enhances bleached fabrics
ex.) oxy clean |
Optical Brighteners
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Chemicals applied as WET FINISHES that aid in the finishing process
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Resins
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Side effects of Resin
(6) |
Stiffness
shrinkage resistance loss of absorbency reduction in abrasion resistance offensive odors affinity for oily soils |
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High speed pressure, pressing of fabric that results in softer and smoother fabrics with higher luster
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Calendaring
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May cause quality concerns such as tender spots
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over calendaring
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5 types of calendering
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Glazed
Cire Embossed Moire Schrenier |
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Calendering
Treated with starches Polished cottons and chintz swatch 110 |
Glazed Calendering
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Calendering
Treated with waxes Creates highly lustrous and wet looking finishes |
Cire Calendering
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Calendering
Creates a 3-D effect Good with thermoplastic fibers Swatch 111 |
Embossed Calendering
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Calendering
Must be treated with a resin to gain permanent design Produce a wood grain design Swatch 46 |
Moire Calendering
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Calendering
Must be treated with resin or performed on thermoplastic fibers to be permanent. Embosses very fine diagonal lines to create a soft luster Swatch 87 |
Schreiner Calendering
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May be aromatic or odor neutralizing
Uses microcapsules that rupture as a result of movement or abrasion Same technique may be used for moisturizers, vitamins, and repellents. |
Fragrances
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Permanent finish used on wool fabrics
Induces felting shrinkage Wools become smoother and more compact with tightly embedded yarns Tighter, denser weave. Swatch 38 & 39 |
Fulling
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Permanent finish that is applied to cotton yarns and fabrics using sodium hydroxide
Increases luster, strength, and dye affinity |
Mercerization
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The manipulation of low twist filling yarns that are brushed to form a surface nap.
Swatch 89 Flannel/Fleece |
Napping
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Similar to napping process except uses sandpaper like material instead of brushes
Swatch 8 |
Sueding
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Use of high speed cutting machine that evenly cuts the ends of the surface fibers
swatch 72 |
shearing
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mechanical or chemical finishing used to improve the hand and drape of a fabric
Silicone Finishes are permanent oils and waxes are semi durable |
Softening
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Starches and resins are used to make fabrics more CRISP and STIFF
Swatches 113 & 18 Crinoline, lawn, Voile |
Stiffenting
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Produces stiff and transparent fabric
Swatch 112 Organdy |
Acid stiffening
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Finishes to make denim appear worn and faded
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Denim Finishes
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Denim finish that uses pumice stones
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Stone Washing
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Denim finish that uses pumice stones and bleach
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Acid washing
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Denim Finish that uses pumice stones, bleach, and cellulase enzyme
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Cellulose
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11 Types of AESTHETIC finishes
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Calendering
Fragrances Fulling Mercerization Napping Sueding Plisse Shearing Softening Stiffening Denim Finishes |
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Finish that does something for us
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Functional Finish
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Durable chemical agents that inhibit the growth of bacteria and fungi
Important for items in contact with skin |
Antimicrobial Finish
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Semi Durable finish used to reduce to eliminate static
Fabric softeners and sheets carpet, non-cling apparel, electronic equipment barriers.. |
Antistatic Finish
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Resin applied to fabrics made of fiber with low resilience
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Wrinkle/Crease Resistant Finishes
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Crease resistant finishes
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still need to be ironed
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Durable Press Finishes
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Do not need to be ironed
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Result of the flammable fabrics act
Children's sleepwear, rugs, carpets, mattresses, mattress covers, are federally mandated |
Flame Resistant Finish
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Used for the removal of oily soils on hydrophobic fibers
Most durable through 40-50 washes Wrok clothes, table cloths, carpets |
Soil release finishes
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Waxes and emulsions used to coat the yarns before weaving which allows water to be repelled while permitting the passage of air
Do not provide protection in long, continual exposure to wet weather May be durable or nondurable |
Water Repellents
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Chemical finish that may be temporary or permanent
Used to protect animal fibers from being attacked by moths and beetles |
Mothproof Finishes
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UV blockers and sun protective finishes added to fabrics to protect the skin from harmful ultraviolet radiation.
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Ultraviolet
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Fabric is coated or laminated with film of natural or synthetic rubber or plastic
Completely moisture proof May be uncomfortable |
Waterproof-coated fabrics
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9 types of functional finishes
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Antimicrobial finishes
Antistatic Finish Wrinkle/Crease resistant Finishes Flame resistant finish Soil release finishes water repellents mothproof finishes ultraviolet waterproof-coated fabrics |