Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
37 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
GFR
|
Glomular Filtration Rate
|
|
|
Mictuation reflex center recieves signal from stretch receptors in bladder - sends sensory impulse to spinal cord - reflex returns signal to bladder to contract detrusor muscle - Relaxes interal urethral sphincter to void uring.
|
Mechanism in infants and young children
|
|
|
Periodic treatment of patients with kidney failure that adds and/or extracts substances from blood as neccessay artifially doing steps 1, 2, and 3.
|
Hemodialysis
|
|
|
Micturition center in pons receives signals from stretch receptors when urine - 200ml - relaxes internal urthral sphincter 0-muscle remains contracted until we decide it is appopriate to urinate and relax schincter - external shhincter relaxes, detrusor contracts to void urine (will void involutarily if overfilled).
|
Mechanism in Older Children and Adults
|
|
|
Converts blood plasma to urine in 3 steps.
|
Urine Formation
|
|
|
Voiding urine - controlled by micturition reflex. Stretch receptors cause pain and urgency signals as bladder fills.
|
Micturition
|
|
|
Periodic treatment of patients with kidney failure that adds and/or extracts substances from blood as neccessay artifially doing steps 1, 2, and 3.
|
Hemodialysis
|
|
|
Holds urine on bladder.
|
Internal Urethral sphincter
|
|
|
Into peritubular capillaries from the PCT. Concentrates urine by conserving water.
|
Step 2
|
|
|
Efferent Arterioles.(In Bowman's Capsule)
|
Glomerular Capillaries
|
|
|
Blood filtered by capillaries & Prodocytes.
|
Glomerula Filtration - Step 1
|
|
|
Duct that leads away from glomerular capsule where all absorption & secretion occurs. Divided into 4 regions and ends at pyramids.
|
Renal Tubule
|
|
|
Skeletal muscle for voluntary control.
|
External urethal sphincter
|
|
|
Wastes made during metabolic processes (not food waste in feces) - Co2 eliminated by respiratory system and urinary system.
|
Metabolic Wastes
|
|
|
Renal tubules pull more chemicals from peritubular capillaries for waste removal and acid-base balance.
|
Tubular Secretion
|
|
|
Leads to accumulation of N-Waste in blood which can lead to uremia sysndrome (diarrhea, vomiting, arrhythmia, dyspnea, convulsions, death).
|
Renal Failure
|
|
|
Urine is episodic - in adults, occurs when we allow it.
|
Urine Storage & Elimination
|
|
|
Functional units of the urinary system.
|
Nephrons
|
|
|
PH, Clor, Odor, Volume, Diuretics
|
Characteristics of Urine.
|
|
|
Nitrogen containing waste eliminated by urinary system.
|
Nitrogen Waste
|
|
|
Aldosterone, ANF, ADH
|
Hormones that control the rate of reabsorption
|
|
|
Glomerula Capsule-PCT- Nephron Loop-DCT-CD-Minor Calyx-Major Calyx-Renal Pelvic-Ureter-Urinary Bladder-Urethra-Exterior of Body
|
Glomerular Filtrate Pathway
|
|
|
Two, retroperitoneal, muscular tubes from renal pervis to bladder.
|
Ureters
|
|
|
1. Proximal Convoluted Tubule(PCT)
2.Nephron Loop(Loop of Henle) 3.Distal Convoluted Tubule(DCT) 4.Collecting Ducts(CD) |
4 Regions of Renal Tubule
|
|
|
One, muscular sac, floor of pelvic cavity, lined with transitional apithelium. 700-800 ml urine max capactiy.
|
Urinary Bladder
|
|
|
2 Kidneys, 2 Ureters, 1 Urinary Bladder, and 1 Urethra.
|
Urinary System
|
|
|
One, converys urine from bladder to the exterior of the body.
|
Urethra
|
|
|
DCT - Afferent Arteriole - Efferent Arteriold - Specialized structure that allow nephrons to monitor their own performance. Secret renin to compensate for changes in BP.
|
Justaglomerular Apparatus
|
|
|
Water-Salt balance.
|
Osmoregulation
|
|
|
Renal Veins - inf. vena cava
(around tubules) |
Peritubular Capillaries
|
|
|
3 layers of connective tissue - Kidneys
1.Renal Fascia 2.Adipose 3.Renal Capsule |
3 Layers of Connective Tissue - Kidney
|
|
|
Produce the urine and drain into the collecting ducts.
Afferent aritcles suppy nephron. |
Nephron
|
|
|
Nephronss-Collecting ducts of pyramids-minor calyx-major calyx-renal pelvis-ureters-bladder-urethra-outside body
|
Urine Pathway
|
|
|
Glomerulus (specialized capillaries) inside Bowman's Capsule 2 layers produce the filtrate from blood.
|
Renal Corpuscle
|
|
|
2-3 converge to empty urine into renal pelvis (center open space)
|
Major Calyx
|
|
|
Lobes extending out into cortex (Wide base faces outward and narrow end faces inward) to join.
|
Renal Pyramids
|
|
|
Collects urine from pyramid and drains into Major Calyx.
|
Minor Calyx
|
