Chapter 1: The Science Of Biology

Front 1

Living organisms are:

Back 1

Composed of cells, are complex and ordered, respond to their environment, can grow and reproduce, obtain and use energy, maintain internal balance, allow for evolutionary adaptation.

Front 2

Levels of organization:

Back 2

atoms-> molecules -> organelles -> cells

Front 3

The ____ is the basic unit of life.

Back 3

Cell.

Front 4

Levels of organization: organismal level

Back 4

tissues -> organs -> organ systems -> organism

Front 5

Levels of organization: population level

Back 5

population -> species -> community -> ecosystem

Front 6

New properties present at one level that are not seen in the previous level.

Back 6

Emergent properties.

Front 7

Science aims to understand:

Back 7

The natural world through observation and reasoning.

Front 8

Science begins with:

Back 8

Observations, therefore, much of science is purely descriptive.

Front 9

_______ uses both deductive and inductive reasoning.

Back 9

Science.

Front 10

_______ ________ uses general principles to make specific predictions.

Back 10

Deductive reasoning.

Front 11

_______ _______ uses specific observations to develop general conclusions.

Back 11

Inductive reasoning.

Front 12

Scientists use a systematic approach to gain understanding of the natural world. This is:

Back 12

Observation, hypothesis formation, prediction, experimentation, and then conclusion.

Front 13

A ________ is a possible explanation for an observation.

Back 13

hypothesis

Front 14

A hypothesis:

Back 14

Must be tested to determine its validity, is often tested in many different ways and allows for predictions to be made.

Front 15

The Experiment:

Back 15

Tests the hypothesis, must be carefully designed to test only one variable at a time, consists of a test experiment and a control experiment.

Front 16

If the hypothesis is valid, the scientist can predict the result of the:

Back 16

experiment.

Front 17

To break a complex process down to its simpler parts is:

Back 17

Reductionism.

Front 18

To simulate phenomena that are difficult to study directly:

Back 18

Models.

Front 19

A scientific theory is:

Back 19

A body of interconnected concepts, supported by experimental evidence and scientific reasoning, and expresses ideas of which we are most certain.

Front 20

What is the cell theory?

Back 20

All living organisms are made of cells, and all living cells come from preexisting cells.

Front 21

Molecular basis of inheritance:

Back 21

DNA encodes genes which control living organisms and are passed from one generation to the next.

Front 22

The proper function of a molecule is dependent on its ________.

Back 22

structure.

Front 23

The structure of a molecule can often tell us about its __________.

Back 23

Function.

Front 24

Living organisms have evolved from the same origin event. The diversity of life is the result of:

Back 24

Evolutionary change.

Front 25

Critical characteristics of early organisms are preserved and passed on to future generations..

Back 25

Evolutionary conservation.