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30 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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earth science
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the study of the earth and the universe around it
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geology
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a broad field that includes many areas of specialization
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oceanography
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the study of the earth's oceans.
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meteorology
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the study of the earth's atmosphere
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astronomy
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the study of the universe beyond the earth
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geosphere
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the solid earth
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ecosystem
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a community of organisms and the environment they inhabit
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oikos
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Greek word for "house"
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biosphere
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the largest ecosystem, it encompasses all life on earth and the physical environment that supports it
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photosynthesis
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the process where plants use sunlight to produce food
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pollution
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the contamination of the environment with waste products or impurities
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biodegradable
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waste that can be broken down by microorganisms
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scientific methods
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guides to scientific problem solving
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observation
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using the senses of sight, touch, taste, hearing, and smell to gathing information about the world
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measurement
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involves the comparison of some aspect of an object or phenomenon with a standard unit
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hypothesis
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a possible explanation or solution to a scientific problem
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experimentation
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scientific procedure carried out according to certain guidelines
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controlled experiment
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an experiment set up to test a variable
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theory
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a hypothesis or a set of hypotheses that is supported by the results of experimentation and observation
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scientific law
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a rule that correctly describes a natural phenomenon
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spectrum
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When sunlight passes through a glass prism, producing a rainbow of colors (as discovered by Isaac Newton)
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wavelength
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the distance from the crest of one wave to the crest of the next
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elements
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a substance that cannot be broken down into a simpler form by ordinary chemical means
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bright line spectrum
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a series of colored lines indicating that the light source is sending out only certain wavelengths of light
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Doppler Effect
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The apparent shift in the wavelengths of energy emitted by an energy source moving away from or toward an observer
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spectroscope
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an instrument scientists use to study starlight and determine what elements are present in them
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galaxies
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a large system of stars
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big bang theory
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theory that an explosion sent all the matter and energy hurtling outward in a giant cloud
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background radiation
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low levels of energy
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variable
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a factor in an experiment that can be changed
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