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15 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Style |
A set of linguistic variants with specific social meanings. Meaning that a style is a way of speaking that has some social meaninhg behind it, like group membership, personal traits, ethnicity, or something. |
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Dialect |
Dialect is a vague term that basically means variety of language. It's compromised of ACCENT, WORDS and GRAMMAR used. |
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Variety/Code |
The same as dialect. Differences in language basically. Language variety is broad, but not infinite. There are rules. |
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Linguistic/Verbal Repertoire |
What "arsenal" of language we have available. A person might speak differently to his friends at home, in the army, to his grandmother and parents, to his children, on the internet, to foreigners. What "linguistic guns" we have. |
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Speech Function |
Sharing information or sharing feeling. Interesting. Information or feeling. Informative is like when you watch the news, and affective is when you're talking about life with your friends. |
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Accent |
Sound and soundsystem of language. Pronounciation, basically. |
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Regional Dialect |
How language changes with regions. Language variation by region, simply stated. They can be international (US and Britain), intranational (northern or southern english) Regional variation is one of the two big ways of variation (the other being social variation) |
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Isogloss |
Imagine one concept, with many words representing it. The english have many words for the concept of splinter, and there is boundraries for which word is used where, and these boundraries are called Isoglosses. |
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Dialect Chain |
Imagine language branches. Norwegian, danish, and swedish are pretty commonly linked, as is spanish, french, italian and other latin languages. This is what is meant by dialect chain. The branches of the language tree, the relatedness of languages. |
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Social Dialect |
Language variation based on social standing. High social standing vs low social standing. The lingusitical differences that come with the difference in social standing. Social variation is one of the two big ways of variation (the other being regional variation) |
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Vernacular |
A politically correct way of saying nonstandard language. Contrasted with standard forms of language, the vernacular are the llanguages that deviate from the standard. |
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Sociolinguistic patterns |
Linguistical patterns, like social class being indicated by the way people pronounce things, or people tending to strengthen their vernacular traits when they identify with it strongly. |
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Methodology |
How to gather sociolinguistical data from which you can mke interpretations. |
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Sharp and fine stratification |
Sharp stratification is the rather large difference in vernacular form use, between the lower class groups and the middle class groups. Fine stratification is more subtle differences. They happen slowly and go from person to person and are therefore hard to see, and are unstable and unpredictable. |
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Descriptive and prescriptive grammar |
DESCRIPTIVEThere is no real correctness of speech, what we are concerned with is how people actually speak and that is what we should investigate. PRESCRPTIVISMThere is a right and wrong, and people should move to the right. What makes people speak wrongly. Vernacular should be changed. |
