Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
21 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
Autonomic Nervous System |
Along w/ the Somatic Nervous System, part of the efferent division of the Peripheral Nervous System. Known as the Visceral Motor System. 2 Divisions: - Parasympathetic - Sympathetic Regulates smooth and cardiac muscle and glandular activity |
|
|
Functions of ANS |
Regulates body temp, coordinates cardiovascular, respiratory, digestive, excretory and reproductive fxns. Adjusts internal water, electrolyte, nutrient, and dissolved gas concentrations in body fluids |
|
|
Differences between ANS and SNS |
Difference lies in the arrangement of the neurons connecting the CNS to effector organs. ANS: axon of visceral motor neuron in CNS innervates a 2nd neuron in a peripheral ganglion. - Pregang fibers->autonomic ganglion->postgang fibers->innervate peripheral tiss and organs |
|
|
Subdivisions of ANS |
Sympathetic Parasympathetic |
|
|
Sympathetic Division Pathway |
1. preganglionic neurons in lateral gray horns T1-L2 2. to ganglionic neurons (sympathetic chain ganglia, collateral ganglia or adrenal medullae) 3. postganglionic fibers from symp & collateral to target organs and neuroxmitter from adrenal to targen organ |
|
|
Sympathetic Division Summary Basics |
1. 2 sympathetic chains, 3 collateral ganglia and 2 adrenal medullae 2. Preganglionic fibers are short, close proximity of ganglia to spinal cord 3. extensive divergence 4. preganglionic fibers release ACh at synapses w/ ganglionic neurons 5. effector response dependant on fxn of membrane receptor |
|
|
Sympathetic Chain Ganglia |
Postganglionic fibers innervate visceral effectors in thoracic cavity, head, body wall and limbs. |
|
|
Collateral Ganglia |
3 ganglia w/in SNS innervated by T5-T12 and L1-L2 1) Celiac 2) Superior Mesenteric 3) Inferior Mesenteric Postganglionic fibers innervate effectors in abdominopelvic cavity |
|
|
Celiac Ganglion |
Innervate stomach, duodenum, liver, gallbladder, pancreas, spleen and kidney |
|
|
Superior Mesenteric Ganglion |
Innervate small intestines and initial segments of large intestines |
|
|
Inferior Mesenteric Ganglion |
Innervate terminal portions of large intestines, kidney, bladder and sex organs. |
|
|
Adrenal Medullae |
Release epinephrine and norepinephrine into general circulation |
|
|
Sympathetic Activation |
An entire sympathetic division response during a time of crisis. - increased alertness - feeling of energy/euphoria - increased activity in cardio and resp centers (increased HR, BP, respiration and depth) - elevation of muscle tone - mobilization of energy reserves |
|
|
Parasympathetic Division Pathway |
Preganglionic neurons: - Cranial N III, VII, IX and X - S2-S4 Ganglionic neurons - Ciliary, pterygopalatine, submandibular, otic, & intramural Target: eyes, glands, visceral neck organs, visceral organs thoracic cavity, abdominopelvic cavity |
|
|
Functions of Parasympathetic Division |
Relaxtion, food processing, and energy absorption. - constriction of pupils, secretion by digestive glands, nutrient absorption, increased smooth muscle activity along digest tract, stim of defecation and urination, constriction of resp passageways, HR reduction, sexual arousal |
|
|
Ciliary Ganglion |
Innervated by: NIII (occulomotor) Target: eye muscles (pupil and lens shape) |
|
|
Pterygopalatine and Submandibular Ganglia |
Innervated by: NVII (facial) Target: nasal glands, lacrimal glands, and salivary glands |
|
|
Otic Ganglion |
Innervated by: N9 (glossopharyngeal) Target: parotid salivary gland |
|
|
Intramural Ganglia |
Innervated by: NX (Vagus) Target: visceral organs of neck, thoracic cavity and most of abdominal cavity Innervated by: S2-S4 Target: visceral organs in inferior portion of abdominopelvic cavity |
|
|
Visceral Reflexes |
Provide automatic motor responses that can be modified, facilitated or inhibited by higher centers (hypothalamus) Polysynaptic Long reflex and short reflex |
|
|
Long Reflex v. Short Reflex |
Long reflex passes thru CNS, short reflex does not |
