Lecture 4 - Chapter 5 Microbial Metabolism & Chapter 6 Microbial Nutrition And Growth

Front 1

Lipid Catabolism

Back 1

•Involve Detaching fatty acids chains from glycerol

•Glycerol Can be converted into a glycolysis intermediate

•Fatty Acids undergo β - oxidation

Front 2

Lipid Metabolism Ex: 1 gram fat around 9 glycol

Back 2

•Beta oxidation

•Carbon backbone depends/convert medium

•Glycerol

Front 3

Protein Catabolism

Back 3

•Catabolized by proteases

•Broken Down into amino acids

•Amino Acids could then be recycled or excreted through the urea cycle

Front 4

Photosynthesis (Algae, Archaea, Bacteria,Prokaryotes organelles)

Back 4

•Carried Out in Chlorophylls

Divided Into two sets of reactions

•light dependent reactions

•light independent reactions

Front 5

Light Dependent Reaction

Back 5

•Produce ATP

•Pigment molecule in the chlorophyll is excited when it absorbs light

•Passes its electrons to the electron transport chain

•Specific wavelengths of light can provide the required energy

Front 6

Light Independent Reaction

Back 6

•Fixing Carbon

•Uses A large amount of ATP

•RuBisCO catalyzes the attachment of CO2 to RuBP to form two molecules of 3 carbon sugar

Front 7

What are the 2Carbonand Energy Sources?

Back 7

•Carbon Based organisms

•CO2

•Other Organic material

Front 8

Carbon Source

Back 8

•CO2 - Autotroph

•Organic Compounds - Heterotroph

Front 9

Energy Source

Back 9

•Light- phototroph

•Oxidation Of electron donors - chemotroph

Front 10

Oxygen Requirement: Obligate Aerobes (w/air)

Back 10

We are, need oxygen to survive

Front 11

Oxygen Requirement: Obligate Anaerobes (w/out)

Back 11

Can't have oxygen, gangreene, die w/oxygen Ex: yeast

Front 12

Oxygen Requirement: Facultative Anaerobes (w/air)

Back 12

Do better w/oxygen but does not need it

Front 13

Oxygen Requirement: Microaerophiles

Back 13

•Likes a lot of oxygen, need it

•High Levels death

Front 14

Oxygen Requirement: Aerotolerant

Back 14

Don't like it but will tolerate it

Front 15

Oxygen Requirement: Valence Electrons

Back 15

•Outer shell of oxygen makes it very reactive

•Reduced to superoxide & hydrogen peroxide•

•Organismsmust be able to neutralize these reactive molecules

Front 16

Reactive Oxygen Species

Back 16

•Superoxide(O2-) •superoxidedismutase

•Peroxides(H2O2) •catalase

Front 17

Nitrogen Requirement

Back 17

•Required For several important organic molecules

•Atmospheric Nitrogen can be converted into ammonium (NH4+) or nitrogen dioxide

•Diazotrophs Are the only organism that can fix atmospheric nitrogen

Front 18

Optimal Range

Back 18

Organisms Have an optimal range of physical properties for growth and survival

Front 19

Temperature

Back 19

•Psychrophiles

•Mesophiles

•Thermophiles

•Hyperthermophiles

Front 20

pH

Back 20

•Acidophiles

•Neutrophiles

•Alkalinophiles

Front 21

Biofilms

Back 21

•Groups Of organisms when they stick to each other on any surface

•Formon organic or inorganic surfaces

•Important In pathogenesis

Front 22

Biofilm involves 3 steps?

Back 22

•Attachment

•Growth (maturation)

•Dispersion

Front 23

Biofilm Formation

Back 23

•Free Floating organisms attach to a surface

•Maintained By Van der Waal’s forces & bacterial structures such as pili

•Bacterial Detach from the biofilm & disperse into the environment

Front 24

Biofilm Formation develops a thick extracellular matrix composed of?

Back 24

•Extracellular Polymeric Substance (EPS)

•DNA,Proteins, Polysaccharides

•Scaffolding & protection

Front 25

Cultures

Back 25

•Method Of growing microbial organism in specific media

•Specific Nutrients for the growth of the organism is known as the medium

•Broth Are liquid medium

Front 26

Cultures: Sample of an organism?

Back 26

Inoculum

Front 27

Cultures: Microbial colonies visible clusters of?

Back 27

•Microorganisms growing on the surface of media

Front 28

Cultures: Colony Forming Unit

Back 28

Colonies descended from a single cell/ group of cells

Front 29

Defined Medium

Back 29

All chemicals used are known, no yeast, animal or plant tissues

Front 30

Complex Medium

Back 30

Yeastor animal extracts as a source of amino acids and nitrogen

Front 31

Minimal Medium

Back 31

Minimum Nutrients for colony growth

Front 32

Selective Medium

Back 32

Only Support the growth of selected organisms•antibiotics

•amino acids gment

Front 33

Differential Medium

Back 33

Visible Indicator in the presence of specific organisms