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89 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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mood disorders
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disabling disturbances of emotion (depression, mania)
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major depressive disorder
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sad mood, loss of pleasure for 2 weeks + 4 other Sx
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dysthmic disorder
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2 years, low mood sx prevalence 50%
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mania
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intense elation, irritability
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flight of ideas
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shift from topic to topic
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mixed episode
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mania & depression in same week
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hypomania
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happy or irritated mood, energy increase, decreased sleep
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bipolar 1
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1 mania episode or
1 mixed episode (may not be current) |
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bipolar 2
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1 major depressive episode
1 hypomania |
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rapid cycling
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4 episodes in 1 year
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psychotic
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delusions, hallucinations
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catatonic
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impaired movements
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postpartum
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after pregnancy dx
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norepinephrine
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catecholamine, neurotransmitter CNS, disturbances mania/depression, vasoconstrictor, Sympathetic Nervous System
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dopamine
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precursor to norepinephrine; aside- high levels cause mania, low levels depression
pathway: VTA, substantia nigra to frontal cortex |
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serotonin
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CNS, low levels in depression, SSRI
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trytophan
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serotonin precursor
amino acid low levels= depression (drink) |
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second messengers
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cAMP, cGMP, Calcium
levels increase w/nt modulate cell sensitivity to neurotransmitters |
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amydgala
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temporal lobe, attention to emotional events
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hippocampus
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subcortical brain
memory damaged when exposed to stress |
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pre-frontal cortex
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threats, rewards (dopamine)
focuses and plans |
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anterior cingulate
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site of focus, planning, decision making
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HPA axis
cortisol |
overactive in MDD
receives input from amygdala cortisol--> depression |
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Cushing's Syndrome
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hypercortisol
moon face, obesity, decreased appetite, bad sleep |
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neuroticism
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negative reactivity
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negative triad
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Beck's theory of depression; negative views of self, world, future
negative schemata (world view) cognitive biases (process info in neg ways) selective abstraction- focusing on 1 aspect, ignoring rest of situation |
selective abstraction
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schemata
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perception of the world
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cognitive biases
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not challenging thoughts; processing information in negative ways
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social skills training
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teaching patient courtesies, initation, joining groups which support social training
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psychoeducational approach
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patient education for disorder, onset, treatment
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family focused therapy
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educate family members about person's illness
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ECT
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-electrodes induce convulsions
-electric current passes through the brain |
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tricyclic
SSRI |
3 fused rings
interfere with norepinephrine, serotonin |
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lithium
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treats mania, depression
bipolar 80% |
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suicide
risk factors |
behaviors that cause death
4:1 men to women succeed 3:1 women fail |
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egoistic
altrustic anomic suicide... |
Durkeheim's
-few social ties -betterment of society (Buddhist monks, nuns, suicide bombers) -sudden change in person's relation to society (new inmate, prison sentence, scandal) |
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anoxeria nervosa
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loss of appetite, emotional
1. hypoweight 2. fear of fat, weight gain 3. distorted body image 4. amenorrhea 5. 85% normal types restricting binge-eating-purging |
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bulimia nervosa
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title.
ox hunger diagnosis. 1. binge eating 2. recurrent to prevent weight gain 90% female Occurs twice a week for 3 months types. dietary (restricted diet) dietary-depressive (diet, depressed affect) purging nonpurging behaviors. exercise, fasting |
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BMI
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body mass index
under= 20 normal 20 to 25 over= 25+ (obese=30) |
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binge eating disorder
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2 times per week (6 months)
excessive eating more common in women |
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obese
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BMI= +30
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substance abuse
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wrong use shown by 1,
-duty disruption -repeated use, in danger -legal problems -continued use despite problem |
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substance related disorders
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group of mental/physiological disorders where patient has a malrelationship with substance(alcohol, caffeine, marijuana, nonmedical, cocaine, halluciogens, inhalants)
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substance dependence/addiction
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3 or more,
tolerance withdrawal substance, long time desire, reduce use time to obtain substance other activities reduced continued use |
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addiction
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use of a substance causing the three D's
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tolerance and withdrawal
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tolerance:
1. large dose for effect 2. decrease in drug effect withdrawal: 1. (negative psych, psychologist) symptoms |
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DT's
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delirium tremens
drop in blood alcohol level delirium, hallucinogens |
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polydrug abuse
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+1 drug at a time
80 to 85 % alcoholics, smokers |
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FAS
fetal alcohol syndrome |
condition of fetal facial, mental abnormalities
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nicotine
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addictive chemical in tobacco
acetylcholine affects learning, memory, mood |
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second hand smoke
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exposure to smoke, not the original smoker
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marijiuna
hashish |
dried leaves of cannabis sativa
trichome or plant hair growths |
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opiates
opium |
sedatives
-opium -derivatives: morphine, heroin, codeine seeds of opium poppy, contain opiates Sumerian civilization 7000 BC |
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morphine
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Morpheus, God of Dreams
sedative, pain reliever 1800s hypodermic needle soldier use |
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heroin
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G.O.M God's own medicine
cough syrups CR Wright 19th century English researcher |
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hydrocodone
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codeine, thebamine
Rx drug w/opiates addiction |
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barbituates
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sleep, relaxation
Benzos sythetic drug |
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amphetamines
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runny noses, Asthma
World War II fatigue dopamine, norepinephrine type of stimulant ephedrine |
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caffeine
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world's most used drug
coffee, tea, chocolate, beans stimulant |
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methamphetamines
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derived from amphetamine
(ephedrine) lower number of dopamine, serotonin Rc crystal meth, ice |
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cocaine
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coca shrub
stimulant Freud! vasoconstrictor |
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second hand smoke
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non-smokers exposed, affects of smoking can be shared by person
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marijuna
hasish |
dried leaves of cannabis
trichrome of cannibas, more addictive |
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opiates
opium |
derived from opium poppy
alkaloids, chemicals who exert psych/chemical effects (codeine, heroin, morphine) |
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morphine
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derived from opium
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secondhand smoke
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lung damage
nicotine addiction asthma, bronchitis, ear inf. |
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marijuana
hashish |
leaves of cannabis sativa
trichrome, tops of plant blood shot, itchy eyes CB1 CB2 hippocampus receptors attention, memory, thinking |
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opiates
opium |
type of sedative
relieve pain, induce sleep Sumerian 7000 B.C. |
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morphine
heroin |
Greek God of Dreams, Morpheus
derived from opium Civil War soliders derived from morphine G.O.M |
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hydrocodone
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uses opiates
relieves pain, sleep addictive |
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barbituates
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sleeping aids, relaxation
muscle relaxant delusions, convulsions Marilyn Monroe |
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stimulants
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stimulate CNS
ex: amphetamines (ephedrine) crystal meth, ice increase heart rate decrease appetite fight fatigue |
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amphetamines
methampethatimes |
CNS stimulants
origin Chinese World War II crystal meth, ice dopamine, serotonin |
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cocaine
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coca shrub
Freud dopamine vasoconstrictor hallucinations (bug on skin) 1980s crack street form inexpensive |
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caffeine
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most widely used drug
coffee, tea, cola works in half hour competes with adenosine, inhibitory transmitter |
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LSD
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1940's Swiss Albert Hoffman
lysergic acid psychdelic "soul manifest" synthesias sensory exchange |
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hallucinogen
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drug inducing hallucinations or unreal sensory stimuli
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flashbacks
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recurrence of psychdelic experience without drug
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mescaline
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hallucinogen
main chemical in peyote -Native American religious rites cactus, northern Mexico, Southwest U.S. |
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polycybin
psilocybin |
crystalline powder
1958 Hoffman mushroom Aztec, Mexican "God's flesh" |
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ecstasy
MDMA MDA |
illegal since 1985
1900s World War I appetite suppressant (nutmeg, dill, saffron) 1910 entactogens amphetamine+hallucinogen serotonin |
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PCP
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angel dust
tranquilizer for horses |
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aversion therapy
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covert sensitization
made to disgust drinking |
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Nitrous Oxide
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laughing gas
light headedness, euphoria hippie crack, whippets dentist gas |
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detoxification
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withdrawal from alcohol
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controlled drinking
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moderate drinking
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antabuse
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drug discourages drinking by causing vomiting
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methadone
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synthetic drugs replace heroin
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cross dependent
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act on same CNS receptors
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