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50 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Functions of bones? |
Support, protection, movement, mineral storage, blood cell formation and energy storage |
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Does skeletal cartilage have blood vessels? |
No |
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What surrounds skeletal cartilage? |
Perichondrium |
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What covers the ends of most bones? |
Articular cartilage |
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Costal cartilage? |
Connects the ribs to the sternum |
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What are the 3 types of cartilage? |
Hyaline Elastic Fibrocartilage |
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Hyaline cartilage? |
Most abundant skeletal cartilage |
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Elastic cartilage is found where? |
External ear and epiglottis(voice box) |
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Fibrocartilage? |
Resist strong compression and tension |
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Appositional growth? |
growth from the outside |
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Interstitial growth? |
Growth from the inside |
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How many bones does the body have? |
206 |
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Axial skeleton? |
80 named bones Bones of skull, vertebral Column and rib cage |
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Appendicular skeleton? |
126 named bones |
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Long bones? |
Longer than they are wide |
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Where are some long bone locations? |
Humerous Femur Radius Ulna Tibia Fibula |
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Short bones? |
Cube-shaped bones of the wrist and ankle |
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Sesamoid bones? Example? |
Short bones that form within tendons Ex: patella |
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Flat bones? Example? |
Thin, flat and a bit curved Ex: ribs, scapula |
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Irregular bones Examples? |
Vertebrae and hip bones |
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Where is hematopoietic tissue(red marrow) found in infants? |
Found in medullary cavity and all areas of spongy bone |
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Where is hematopoietic tissue(red marrow) found in adults? |
Found in dilpoë (spongy bone), head of femur and humerus |
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Trabecule? |
Small, needle-like or flat pieces filled with bone marrow |
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Diaphysis? |
Shaft of long bone |
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Medullary cavity contains what? |
Yellow bone marrow (fat) |
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Epiphysis? |
Ends of long bone |
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What separates the diaphysis from epiphysis? |
Epiphyseal line |
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What surrounds all living bone? |
Periosteum |
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Osteoclasts? |
Bone destroying cells |
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Osteoblasts? |
Packs calcium back into bone |
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What is osteogenic later composed of? |
Osteoblasts Osteoclasts |
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Endosteum? |
Delicate membrane covering internal surface of bone |
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Diploë? |
Spongy bone |
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Osteon? |
Unit of compact bone |
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Lamella? |
Composed of collagen fibers & mineral crystals which run opposite direction of adjacent lamella |
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Volkmann’s canal? |
Connect nerve and blood supply of the periosteum yo the haversians canal |
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Osteocytes? |
Mature bone cells that reside in lacunae |
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What are hair-like canals that connect lacunae to each other? |
Canaliculi |
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Osteoid? |
Organic bone matrix |
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Hydroxyapatites? |
Calcium phosphate crystals which make bones hard |
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What is the process of bone formation? |
Osteogenesis |
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What does bony skeleton begin forming? |
Week 8 of embryo development |
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Intramembranous ossification? |
Develops from a fibrous membrane which was previously a membrane |
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Endochondral ossification? |
Bone forms by replacing hyaline cartilage (previously cartilage) |
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Bone remodeling includes? |
Bone deposition (growth) & bone resorption (removal) |
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Bone deposition? |
Occurs when bone is injured or added strength is needed |
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Bone resorption? |
Removal which is done by osteoclasts |
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What is calcium necessary for? |
Transmission of nerve impulses Muscle contraction Blood coagulation Secretion by glands and nerve cells cell division |
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What two control loops regulate bone remodeling? |
Balance Mechanical (physical) forces |
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Wolff’s law? |
A bone grows or remodels in response to the forces it demands placed upon it |
