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35 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Blood |
A type of fluid connective tissue |
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Erythrocytes |
Called red blood cells. 44% of a blood sample.
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Buffy Coat |
Makes up middle layer. Composed of Leukocytes called platelets. |
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Plasma |
Straw colored. Makes up 55% of blood. Transports nutrients that have been absorbed from the GI tract. Also transports hormones secreted by the endocrine glands. Carries waste from cells to organs such as kidneys. |
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Blood function: Regulation |
Body temperature. If too much fluid in blood, results in high blood pressure. If too much fluid escapes and enters the tissue blood pressure drops to unhealthy levels. |
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Blood function: Protection |
Leukocutes help guard against infection, by responding to a pathogen or antigen. Ex: Antibodies bind to antigens until leukocytes can kill antigen. Platelets and blood proteins protect the body against blood loss by blood clots. |
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Albumin |
Regulates water movement between the blood and interstitial fluid. Transport some fatty acids and hormones. |
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Globulins |
Alpha- transport lipids and some metal ions Beta-transport iron ions and lipids in bloodstream Gamma- anti bodies that immobilize pathogens |
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Fibrinogen |
Helps with blood clotting |
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Electrolytes |
Help establish and maintain membrane potentials, maintain pH balance and regulate osmosis. |
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Nutrients |
Amino Acids, glucose, cholesterol Energy source |
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Respiratory Gases |
Oxygen and carbon dioxide |
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Wastes |
Waste products are transported to the liver and kidneys where they can be removed from the blood. |
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Erythrocytes |
Transport oxygen and carbon dioxide 120 days Erythrocytes lined up called a reouleau |
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Leukocytes |
Prepare immune response, defend against antigens. 12 hours to years |
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Platelets |
Participate in blood clotting 8 - 10 days
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Hemoglobin |
Protein in erythrocytes Transports oxygen and carbon dioxide. Responsible for bright red color. Consists of four polypeptide chains called globins. Contain a non protein called heme |
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Blood Types |
Antigen A-Anti B antibodies Antigen B- Anti A antibodies Antigens AB- no antibodies Neither antigen A or B- Both A and B antibodies |
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Hemolysis |
Clumped erythrosis may rupture |
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Leukocytes |
Initiate an immune response and defend the body against pathogens. Do not contain hemoglobin. Infants have higher amounts.
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Leukopenia |
Reduced number of leukocytes
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Leukocytosis |
Elevated leukocyte count |
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Chemotaxis |
is a process leukocytes are attracted to the site of infection by molecules released |
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Granulocytes |
Have granules in their cytoplasm that are clear. |
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Neutrophils |
Phagocytize pathogens, especially bacteria. Release enzyme that targets pathogens |
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Eosinophils |
Phagocytize antigen antibody complexes and allergens. Release chemical mediators to destroy parasitic worms.
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Basophils |
Release histamine and heparin during inflammatory or allergic reactions. |
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Agranulocytes |
Leukocytes that have very small granules in their cytoplasm .
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Lympocytes |
Attack pathogens and abnormal infected cells. Coordinate immune cell activity. Produce antibodies
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Monocytes |
Can exit blood vessels and become macrophages. Phagocytize pahtogens, cellular debris, dead cells.
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T-lymphocytes |
Manage and direct an immune response |
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B lymphocytes |
stimulated to become plasma and produce antibodies |
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Natural killer cells |
Attack abnormal and infected tissue cells. |
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Megakaryocytes |
Platelets are produced in red bone marrow by these cells |
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Thrombocytopenia |
Abnormally small number of platelets in circulating blood. |
