Ch. 20 History

Front 1

Cottage industry

Back 1

Industry in which the production of goods takes place at the home of the producer.

Front 2

James Hargreaves

Back 2

British inventor of the spinning jenny. He patented his device in 1770.

Front 3

Richard Arkwright

Back 3

British inventor and manufacturer who patented a machine for spinning cotton thread (1769).

Front 4

Samuel Crompton

Back 4

His spinning mule permitted large-scale manufacture of high-quality thread and yarn.

Front 5

Edmund Cartwright

Back 5

British cleric and inventor of the power loom (1785–1790).

Front 6

Thomas Newcomen

Back 6

English inventor of an early atmospheric steam engine (c.1711).

Front 7

James Watt

Back 7

His improvements on the steam engine helped advance the Industrial Revolution.

Front 8

Henry Cort

Back 8

In 1783 he obtained a patent for producing iron bars quickly and economically in a rolling mill with grooved rolls.

Front 9

Richard Trevithick

Back 9

British inventor of the first steam locomotive.

Front 10

George Stephenson

Back 10

British railway pioneer who built a practical steam locomotive (1814) and the first passenger railway (1825).

Front 11

Methodism

Back 11

Began as a movement to revitalize the Church of England and did not break with the church until 1795.

Front 12

Crystal Palace

Back 12

Giant glass-and-iron exhibition hall in Hyde Park, London, that housed the Great Exhibition of 1851.

Front 13

Friedrich List

Back 13

Founder of a group of German industrialists that favored abolishing tariff barriers between the German states.

Front 14

Samuel Slater

Back 14

He oversaw construction of the nation's first successful water-powered cotton mill (1790–1793).

Front 15

Great Famine

Back 15

Was due to the appearance of "the Blight" – the potato fungus that destroyed the primary food source for the majority population.

Front 16

Edwin Chadwick

Back 16

The principal architect of the Sanitary Reform movement in Britain in the nineteenth century.

Front 17

Factory Act of 1833

Back 17

Acts passed by the Parliament of the United Kingdom to limit the number of hours worked by women and children.

Front 18

Combination Acts

Back 18

British acts of 1799 and 1800 that outlawed trade unions.

Front 19

Robert Owen

Back 19

Welsh-born British manufacturer who attempted to establish a cooperative community at New Harmony in Indiana (1825–1828).

Front 20

Luddites

Back 20

British workers who destroyed laborsaving textile machinery in the belief that such machinery would diminish employment.

Front 21

Chartism

Back 21

British working-class movement for parliamentary reform. It was named after the People's Charter.