Ch. 18 Cell Bio

Front 1

apoptosis

Back 1

normal benign sequence of cell death in which a acell shrinks the DNA framents and changes in the cell surface activate its phagocytosis by macrophages.

Front 2

Bcl 2 family

Back 2

family of intracellular proteins that either promote or inhibit apoptosis by regulation teh activation of caspases.

Front 3

caspase

Back 3

proteases that are involved in carrying out apoptosis.

Front 4

Cdk inhibitor protein

Back 4

protein that inhibits cyclin-Cdk complexes, primarily to inhibit progress through the G1 and S phase of the cell cycle.

Front 5

cell cycle

Back 5

reproductive cycle of the cell; the orderly sequence of events by which a cell duplicates its contents and divides into two.

Front 6

cell cycle control system

Back 6

network of regulatory proteins that governs progression of a euk. cell through the cell cycle.

Front 7

checkpoint

Back 7

point in he euk. cell division cycle where progress through the cycle can be halted until conditions are suitable for the cell to proceed to the next stage.

Front 8

cyclin

Back 8

protein that periodically rises and falls in concentration in step with the euk. cell cycle. cyclins activate cdk's and thereby help control progression from one stage of the cell cycle to the next.

Front 9

G1 phase

Back 9

Gap 1 phase of cell cycle between the end of cytokinesis and the start of DNA synthesis.

Front 10

G2 phase

Back 10

Gap 2 phase of cell cycle between S phase and M phase

Front 11

growth factor

Back 11

extracellular polypeptide signaling molecule that stimuates a cell to grow or proliferate. Ex. epidermal growth factor and PDGF

Front 12

interphase

Back 12

long period of the cell cycle between one mitosis and the next.

Front 13

M-cyclin

Back 13

cyclin protein that binds to mitotic Cdk to form MCdk at the start of M phase of the cell cycle.

Front 14

mitogen

Back 14

an extracellular signal molecule that stimulates cell proliferation.

Front 15

origin recognition complex

Back 15

large protein complex that is bound to the DNA at origins of replication in euk. chromosomes throughout the cell cycle.

Front 16

s phase

Back 16

period where DNA is synthesized

Front 17

survival factor

Back 17

extracellular signaling molecule that must be present in order to prevent programmed cell death.