Cells And Mitosis Test

Front 1

Cell Wall

Back 1

This is made of cellulose and adds structural support to some cells

Front 2

Cytoplasm

Back 2

This fluid/gel fills up the majority of the cell

Front 3

Nucleolus

Back 3

The dark region of the nucleus where the assembly of ribosomes begins

Front 4

Pore

Back 4

Where materials can pass in and out of the cell

Front 5

Microtubule

Back 5

These are useful for transport of materials inside the cell and also for the movement of animal cells. They make up cilia and flagella

Front 6

Cell Membrane

Back 6

This is found in both plant and animal cells and controls materials passing in and out of the cell

Front 7

Chloroplast

Back 7

This organelle absorbs sunlight to use in photosynthesis

Front 8

Chromatin

Back 8

This material is the DNA that is spread out inside the nucleus

Front 9

Endoplasmic Reticulum

Back 9

A passageway from the nucleus to the ribosomes

Front 10

Mitochondria

Back 10

This organelle is where ATP is produced and is where cellular respiration occurs

Front 11

Golgi Complex

Back 11

This organelle is responsible for completing and packaging molecules for transport to other parts of the cell

Front 12

Nuclear Envelope

Back 12

A membrane that surrounds the chromatin

Front 13

Lysosome

Back 13

This organelle contains enzymes that can break apart nutrients into smaller parts

Front 14

Nucleus

Back 14

This major structure contains the genetic material of each cell

Front 15

Ribosome

Back 15

This small organelle is responsible for protein synthesis

Front 16

Vacuole

Back 16

This is a major part of plant cells that is mostly water and aides in support of leaves and flowers

Front 17

Organelle

Back 17

A structure that has a certain job in a cell

Front 18

Diffusion

Back 18

The process that requires no energy where molecules move from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration

Front 19

Osmosis

Back 19

The process of water molecules diffusing through a membrane

Front 20

Active Transport

Back 20

A process that requires energy where molecules move against the flow of diffusion and move from a lower concentration to a high concentration

Front 21

Exocytosis

Back 21

The process in which the cell releases materials to the outside of the membrane

Front 22

Phagocytosis

Back 22

Where molecules are enveloped into the cell's membrane

Front 23

Eukaryote

Back 23

More complex cells with a nucleus, more evolutionarily advanced

Front 24

Prokaryote

Back 24

simple cells with no nucleus, they are the most primitive

Front 25

What is one part of the Cell Theory?

Back 25

All living things are made up of cells

Front 26

What is one part of the Cell Theory?

Back 26

Cells are the basic unit of structure and function

Front 27

What is one part of the Cell Theory?

Back 27

All cells come from pre-existing cells

Front 28

Equilibrium

Back 28

The condition where all acting influences are balanced or canceled out by equal opposing forces, resulting in a stable system

Front 29

What is the equation to finding the percent of dyed cube

Back 29

Volume Dyed Portion
------------------------------ x 100 = % Whole Cube
Volume Whole Cube

Front 30

Prophase

Back 30

-Chromosomes condense (coil)
-Centrioles move to opposite sides of the nucleus
-Spindle of microtubules forms
-Nuclear envelope dissolves

Front 31

Metaphase

Back 31

-Chromosomes line up in the middle
-The spindle becomes visible
-Spindle attaches to centromere

Front 32

Anaphase

Back 32

-Spindle contracts
-Centromere and sister chromatids split
-Chromosomes pull apart

Front 33

Telophase

Back 33

-Chromosomes uncoil
-Nuclear envelope reforms
-Nucleus becomes visible

Front 34

Cytokinesis

Back 34

-Division of cytoplasm
-Cell membrane pinches off
-Cell plane (cell wall) forms in plant cells
-Two membranes form in plant cells

Front 35

What is the first step in Interphase?

Back 35

G1 Phase, the cells grows in size and protein synthesis occurs

Front 36

What is the second step in Interphase?

Back 36

S Phase, The Replication of DNA occurs

Front 37

What is the third step in Interphase?

Back 37

G2 Phase, The Replication of cell organelles occurs

Front 38

Cancer

Back 38

A variety of malignant tumors caused by the malfunction of the internal and external regulators that causes uncontrolled mitosis and spread of abnormal cells

Front 39

Internal Regulators

Back 39

Chemical that makes sure mitosis does not start until the chromosomes are ready

Front 40

Cyclins

Back 40

a family of proteins that regulate cell cycles

Front 41

External Regulators

Back 41

Chemical on the surface of the cell membrane that tells the cell to stop dividing

Front 42

Carcinogens

Back 42

chemicals that cause cancer

Front 43

Tumor

Back 43

a swelling due to excessive cell divison

Front 44

Benign

Back 44

Not Cancerous "bien"

Front 45

Malignant

Back 45

Is Cancerous "malo"

Front 46

Oncology

Back 46

The study of cancer

Front 47

Metastasis

Back 47

The spreading of cancer cells from the original site causing secondary tumors

Front 48

Cyst

Back 48

A fluid filled sac in the tissue. Not cancerous.

Front 49

Polyp

Back 49

An overgrowth of tissue into a body cavity (nose, throat, colon, etc.)

Front 50

Biopsy

Back 50

The removal of a small piece of tissue used for microscopic examination to look for cell abnormalities

Front 51

Pap-test

Back 51

A microscopic examination of body cells found in vaginal secretions or from the cervix

Front 52

Mammography

Back 52

low dose x-ray technique for studying th structure of breast tissue

Front 53

Carcinogens

Back 53

Substances to cause or promote cancer