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5 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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Antipseudomonal penicillins are active against Pseudomonas aeruginosa |
Examples of a Antipseudomonal penicillins are : Piperacillin Ticarcillin |
Piperacillin is the most potent of these antibiotics |
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Ticarcillin + clavulanic acid can work against penicillinase producing organisms eg( Enterobacteriacae and Bacteriodes) Also piperacillin + tazobactam will produce the same effect |
This means their spectrum will be extended |
Heheehe |
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RESISTANCE of organisms to penicillin |
1.Beta lactamase activity : this is the major cause of resistance to penicillins. This family of enzymes hydrolyzes cyclic amide bond of the Beta lactam ring of the penicillin... This results in loss of bactericidal activity 2) decreased permeability to the drug : some of these idiots will decrease the ability of penicillin to penetrate through their cell membrane thereby preventing them from reaching their target PBPs 3.Altered PBPs : for example an idiot called methicillin resistant staphylococcus aureus resists methicillin cos they change their PBPs ...the modified PBPs have a lower affinity for beta lactam antibiotics |
Penicillin is a beta lactam antibiotic |
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PK of penicillin
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Administration : the combo Ampicillin + sulbactam Ticarcillin+ clavulanic acid Piperacillin+ tazobactam MUST be administered IV or IM
Penicillin V, amoxicillin and dicloxacillin are available only as oral preparations
Procraine Penicillin G is IM
Absorption : incomplete absorption via git Food decreases the effect of penicillinase resistant penicillin ( nafcillin, oxacillin) so they should be taken on an empty stomach
Distribution : distribute well throughout the body. All penicillins cross placental barrier Inflamed meninges are more permeable to penicillins...it doesn't penetrate the prostate well Metabolism : Excretion : kidney, sometimes breast milk. |
Probenecid inhibits penicillin |
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Adverse effects of penicillin
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1. Hypersensitivity eg angioedema (swelling of lips, tongue, 2. Diarrhea 3.nephritis especially methicillin 4.Neurotoxicity: when their level in the blood are very high or when 💉 intrathecally
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Contraindicated in epileptic patients |
