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29 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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active transport
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energy-requiring process that moves materials across a cell membrane against a concentration gradient
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cell theory
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idea that all living things are made up of cells, cells are the basic units of structure and function in living things, and new cells are produced from existing cells
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What is diffusion?
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process by which molecules tend to move from an area where they are more concentrated
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What is endocytosis?
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the movement of materials into the cytoplasm of a cell via membranous vesicles or vacuoles
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What is a eukaryote?
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a type of cell that has a membrane-enclosed nucleus and other membrane-enclosed cells
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What is osmosis?
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the passive transport of water across a selectively permeable membrane
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What is facilitated diffusion?
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a process by which substances are transported across cell membranes by means of protein carrier molecules
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facilitated diffusion
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process by which substances are transported across cell membranes by means of protein carrier molecules
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fluid mosaic model
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description of membrane structure, depicting a cellular membrane as a mosaic of diverse protein molecules embedded in a fluid bilayer made of phospholipid molecules
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organelle
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a structure with a specialized function in a cell
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passive transport
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diffusion of a substance across biological membrane, not requiring any input of energy
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active transport
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movement of a substance across biological membrane against concentration gradient, aided by specific transport proteins and requiring the input of energy
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permeable membrane
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membrane that will allow certain molecules to pass through by diffusion
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prokaryote
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type of cell lacking membrane-enclosed nucleus and other membrane-enclosed organelles
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tissue
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cooperative unit of many similar cells that perform specific function within multicellular organism
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organs
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structure consisting of several tissues adapted as group to perform several functions
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system
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assemblage of organs or related tissues concerned with same function
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tight junction
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junction that binds tissue cells together in leak proof sheet
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desmosomes
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a plaquelike site on a cell surface that functions in maintaining cohesion with adjacent cell
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gap junctions
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junction between certain animal cell-types that allow different molecules and ions to pass freely between cells
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microfilaments
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thinnest of three main kinds of protein fibers making up cytoskeleton of eukaryotic cell
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microtubules
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thickest of three main kinds of fibers making up cytoskeleton of eukaryotic cell
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intermediate filaments
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intermediate-sized protein fiber that is one of the three main kinds of fibers making up the cytoskeleton of a eukaryotic cell
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hypotonic
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having lower osmotic pressure (less solutes) than reference solution
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isotonic
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having same solute concentration as another solution
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hypertonic
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in comparing two solutions, referring to the one with greater concentration then the other
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transport protein
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membrane protein that helps move substances across cell membrane
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protein pump
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integral membrane that is capable of moving proteins across membrane of cell, mitochondrion, or other subcellular compartment
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channel protein
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betabarrel proteins which cross a cellular membrane and act as a pore through which molecules can diffuse
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