Cell Structure & Transport

Front 1

functions as the gatekeeper of the cell

Back 1

cell membrane

Front 2

function includes destroying cells and getting rid of old cell parts

Back 2

lysosome

Front 3

storage organelle--holds water, waste, minerals

Back 3

vacuole

Front 4

energy producing organelle--generates ATP

Back 4

mitochondria

Front 5

plant cell organelle for synthesizing sugars

Back 5

chloroplast

Front 6

organelle that is the site of protein synthesis

Back 6

ribosome

Front 7

protects a plant cell & gives it structure

Back 7

cell wall

Front 8

method of transport that moves particles from a high concentration to a low concentration; is free

Back 8

diffusion

Front 9

the movement of water from where there is a lot to where there is a little across a membrane

Back 9

osmosis

Front 10

transport of particles from where there are few to where there are already a lot; requires cell energy

Back 10

active transport

Front 11

a specific transport mechanism that uses active transport to put sodium ions outside the cell & potassium ions inside the cell

Back 11

sodium potassium pump

Front 12

type of transport in particles move through a protein channel from a high to a low concentration

Back 12

facillitated diffusion

Front 13

structures made of DNA that reside in the nucleus of the cell

Back 13

chromosomes

Front 14

the fluidy portion inside the cell in which the other organelles float

Back 14

cytoplasm

Front 15

cylindrical structures that are part of the cytoskeleton; also are involved in moving the organelles around

Back 15

microtubules

Front 16

organelle that produces the ribosomes

Back 16

nucleolus

Front 17

long skinny structure involved in the cytoskeleton structure;

Back 17

microfilament

Front 18

structures made of microtubules that are involved in moving the chromosomes around during cell division

Back 18

centrioles

Front 19

an environment for a cell that causes water to be drawn out of the cell

Back 19

hypertonic

Front 20

an environment for a cell that causes water to be pushed into the cell

Back 20

hypotonic

Front 21

an environment for a cell that causes water to be equal on either side of the membrane

Back 21

isotonic

Front 22

the outward force experienced by a cell due to water on the inside

Back 22

turgor pressure

Front 23

the process of a cell engulfing a large particle

Back 23

endocytosis

Front 24

the process of a cell expelling a large particle

Back 24

exocytosis

Front 25

type of membrane that allows certain particles to pass through but not others

Back 25

selectively permeable

Front 26

the end result of diffusion; when the number of particles on each side of the membrane is the same

Back 26

equilibrium

Front 27

organelle that packages products for the cells and ships them out as vesicles

Back 27

golgi apparatus

Front 28

organelle that serves as the transport highway for the cell--moving protein from the ribosomes to the Golgi

Back 28

endoplasmic reticulum

Front 29

large organelle in a plant cell that stores water--keeps the plant upright

Back 29

central vacuole

Front 30

organelles that function to store starch in plant cells

Back 30

leucoplasts

Front 31

vehicles that are packaged at the golgi & are shipped out of the cell

Back 31

vesicles

Front 32

control center of the cell; houses the nucleolus

Back 32

nucleus

Front 33

plant cell organelle that provides pigments/colors for plants

Back 33

chromaplast

Front 34

numerous, short hairlike extensions used for moving the entire cell

Back 34

cilia

Front 35

long, threadlike structures outside of the cell used to move the entire cell

Back 35

flagella