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30 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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what are the five physiological parameters?
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1. temp: 37C for cells
2. ph: 7.2-7.5 and osmolarity of medium must be maintained 3. humidity is required 4. gas phase: bicarbonate and CO2 tension in equalibrium 5% 5. cells should be cultured in the dark and exposed to room light as little as possible |
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what are the medium requirements?
A-H |
A. bulk ions (7) Na K Ca Mg Cl P bicarb or CO2
B. trace elements (3) iron zinc selenium C. sugars-glucose is the most common D. amino acids: 13 essential E. vitamins: B etc F. choline Inositol G. Serum H. antibiotics |
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what are the four things that a serum does?
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1. it contains a lrg # of growth promoting activities such as buffering toxic nutrients by binding them,
2. it neutralizes trypsin and other proteases 3. it has undefined effects on the interaction between cells and substrate 4. it contains peptide hormones or hormone like growth factors that promote healthy growth |
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manipulation of cultured cells
as cells generally continue to divide in culture, they generally grow to fill the available area or volume. this can generate several issues what are they?(4) |
1. nutrition deletion (in growth media)
2. accumulation of apoptotic/necrotic(dead)cells. 3.cell to cell contact can stimulate cell cycle arrest, causing cells to stop dividing known as CONTACT INHIBITION OR SENESCENCE 4. cell to cell contact can stimulate CELLULAR DIFFERENTIATION |
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Mass culture of animal cell lines is fundamental to the manufacture of _____ and many products of biotechnology.
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viral vaccines
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what is senescence?
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cell to cell contact can stimulate cell cycle arrest causing cells to stop dividing know as contact inhibition or senescence
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accumulation of _______ (dead cells)
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apoptotic necrotic
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what can cell to cell contact stimulate
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cellular differentiation
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biological products produced by recombinant DNA (rDNA) technology in animal cell culture include...(4)
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1 enzymes
2 synthetic hormones 3 immunobiologicals monoclonal antibodies, interleukins, lymphokines 4 anticancer agents |
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although many simpler proteins can be produced using rDNA in bacterial cultures, more complex proteins that are _____, currently must be made in ____.
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glycosylated
must be made in animal cells |
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what does glycosylated mean?
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carbohydrate modified
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what is an example of a complex protein
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hormone ery thro po ietin
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the cost of growing mammalian cell cultures is high, so research is underway to produce such complex proteins in ___&____
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insect cells or in higher plants
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cell culture is fundamental component of ____&_____, as it establishes the basis of growing and maintaining cells ex vivo
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tissue culture and tissue engineering
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vaccines for ___,____,____,____and ____ are currently make in cell cultures.
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polio measles mumps rubella and chickenpox
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what are the two types of laminar flow hoods?
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vertical and horizontal
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what is the vertical hood also known as?
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a biology safety cabinet
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what is the vertical hood best for?
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working with hazardous organisms since the AEROSOLS that are generated in the hood are filtered out before they are released into the surrounding environment
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which hood would offer the best protection for your cultures?
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horizontal
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what do both hoods share in common?
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both have continuous displacement of air that passes through a HEPA (high efficiency particle) filter that removes particulates from the air
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in a vertical hood, the filtered air blows _____
and in a horizontal hood the filtered air blows ____ |
vertical: down from the top of the cabinet
horizontal: out at the operator in a horizontal fashion |
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vertical and horizontal hoods should never be used for?
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bacterial or fungal work
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when should short wave UV light be turned on ?
for how long? what for? |
turned on about 10-20 minutes before being used
they should be turned on a few minutes to sterilize the surfaces of the hood (only exposed surfaces will be accessible to the UV light) |
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can Short wave UV light cause damage?
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yes can cause skin and eye damage
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wipe down all surfaces with ____before and after each use
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ethanol
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CO2 incubators
the cells are grown in an atmosphere of ___because the medium used is buffered with _____and the ph must be strictly maintained |
5-10% CO2
sodium bicarbonate/carbonic acid |
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CO2 why should cultured flasks have loosened caps?
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to allow sufficient gas exchange
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CO2
how is humidity maintained for those cells growing in tissue culture dishes? |
a pan of water is kept filled at all times
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what kind of microscopes are used for visualizing the cells?
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inverted phase contrast microscopes
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before using the microscope or whenever an objective is changed, check that...
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the phase rings are aligned
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