Cardiovascular System-Blood Vessels

Front 1

pulmonary circuit

Back 1

blood vessels that carry blood to and from the lungs

Front 2

systematic circuit

Back 2

vessels that transport blood to and from all other body tissues

Front 3

vasa vasorium

Back 3

small blood vessels in the tunica externa of the largest arteries that supply O2 and nutrients to the outer layers of the vessel walls

Front 4

lumen

Back 4

cavity inside a tube, blood vessel or hollow organ

Front 5

Blood Vessels are made of 3 layers, name them

Back 5

Tunica Interna
Tunica Media
Tunica Externa

Front 6

Tunica Interna AKA Tunica Intima

Back 6

innermost tunic, is in contact with the lumen
endothelium that lines all blood vessels

Front 7

edothelium

Back 7

simple squamous epithelia, minimizes friction of blood moving across them

Front 8

Tunica Media

Back 8

permits vasconstriction
elastic fibers and smooth muscle

Front 9

Tunica Externa AKA Tunica Adventia

Back 9

the outermost layer
layer of thick connective tissue , anchors vessels to surroundings

Front 10

wall of an artery vs wall of a vein

Back 10

wall of artery is thicker due to higher blood pressure and the velocity at which the blood travels

Front 11

artery anatomy

Back 11

has thicker wall smaller lumen, more muscle and elastic fibers

Front 12

always carries blood away from the heart

Back 12

arteries

Front 13

elastic arteries

Back 13

largest conducting arteries, lead directly from the heart, subject to high pressures

Front 14

example of an elastic artery

Back 14

aorta

Front 15

muscular arteries

Back 15

the distributing arteries, lots of muscles, medium in size

Front 16

arterioles

Back 16

small arteries, incomplete tunica media, control local blood flow
lead into capillary beds

Front 17

example of muscular artery

Back 17

external and internal carotids
brachial arteries
femoral arteries

Front 18

example of medium sized veins

Back 18

external and internal jugular
brachial veins
femoral veins

Front 19

example of large veins

Back 19

superior vena cava
inferior vena cava

Front 20

always return blood to the heart

Back 20

veins

Front 21

capillaries

Back 21

smallest blood vessels
composed of a single layer of endothelium
only vessel that allows exchange

Front 22

capillary bed

Back 22

network of the body's smallest vessels

Front 23

precapillary sphincters

Back 23

ANS controls
regulates flow and blood pressure

Front 24

types of capillaries

Back 24

fenstrated or continuous

Front 25

fenestrated

Back 25

pierced with one or more small openings or pores
occur where there are exceptionally high rates of exchange

Front 26

continuous

Back 26

lack pores
more common type of capillary

Front 27

example of fenestrated capillaries

Back 27

intestinal mucosa, choroid plexus, endocrine glands, kidneys

Front 28

sinusoids

Back 28

resemble fenestrated capillaries but are wider, irregularly shaped, longer larger pores

Front 29

function of sinusoids

Back 29

exchange of larger molecules like proteins

Front 30

example of sinusoids

Back 30

liver, bone marrow, spleen

Front 31

anatomy of a vein

Back 31

thin walled
large lumen
low pressure
low velocity
valves

Front 32

why are valves found in veins and not arteries

Back 32

arteries have blood pressure and gravity to help move the blood, veins fight gravity to distribute blood back to the heart

Front 33

venules

Back 33

small in diameter function like capillaries

Front 34

pulmonary trunk

Back 34

pulmonary circulation begins as O2 poor blood leaves the right ventricle of the heart
exits the ventricle anterior to the aorta

Front 35

pulmonary arteries

Back 35

both right and left
at the aortic arch, branches into a T, each artery penetrates the medial surface of the lungs

Front 36

brachiocephalic artery

Back 36

one of three arteries branch from the aortic arch
supply the head, neck, upper limbs

Front 37

subclavian arteries

Back 37

right and left
supply the neck, head, upper limbs

Front 38

common carotid arteries

Back 38

right and left
supply the neck, head, upper limbs

Front 39

vertebral arteries

Back 39

travel to to the brain via the transverse foramina, carrying blood

Front 40

circle of willis

Back 40

forms a loop around the pituitaryand optic chiasma and it unites the brains anterior and posterior blood supplies

Front 41

difference between right and left arteries of the arms

Back 41

left branches straight from the aortic arch

Front 42

palmar arch

Back 42

source of collateral circulation

Front 43

basilar artery

Back 43

joins the 2 internal cartoids to form with circle of willis

Front 44

subclavian artery

Back 44

supplies the upper limb by arteries that arise from it

Front 45

axillary artery

Back 45

descends through the axilla and branches to feed the chest shoulder and upper arm

Front 46

brachial artery

Back 46

supplies the anterior arm muscles

Front 47

radial artery

Back 47

supplies muscles of the lateral anterior forearm, wrist, thumb and index finger

Front 48

ulnar artery

Back 48

covers the muscles of the ulna

Front 49

descending aorta

Back 49

thoracic aorta
abdominal aorta

Front 50

descending aorta thoracic area

Back 50

bronchial arteries
pericardial
mediastinal
esophageal
paired intercostal
superior phrenic

Front 51

descending aorta abdominal area

Back 51

celiac trunk
superior mesenteric
paired renal
paired gonadal
inferior mesenteric

Front 52

celiac trunk

Back 52

3 branches
splenic, gastric and hepatic

Front 53

paired renal arteries

Back 53

supply kidneys

Front 54

paired gonadal arteries

Back 54

supply the gonads

Front 55

superior mesenteric

Back 55

supply pancreas, duodenum, small intestine and colon

Front 56

inferior mesenteric

Back 56

to terminal colon and rectum

Front 57

aneurysm

Back 57

a bulging or ballooning of an artery

Front 58

common iliac arteries

Back 58

supply the inferior part of the anterior abdominal wall as well as lower limbs and pelvic organs

Front 59

external iliac

Back 59

carry blood to the lower limbs

Front 60

internal iliac

Back 60

supply blood to the pelvic walls, viscera, buttocks, medial thighs and perineum

Front 61

femoral artery

Back 61

supplies anterior thigh

Front 62

anterior and posterior tibial arteries

Back 62

supply front and back of leg

Front 63

venous circulation

Back 63

mostly mirrors arterial circulation

Front 64

which vessels are more superficial

Back 64

veins

Front 65

external jugular vein

Back 65

drains face and scalp

Front 66

superior vena cava

Back 66

receives systematic blood from all body regions superior to the diaphragm excluding the heart wall carries to right atrium

Front 67

inferior vena cava

Back 67

returns blood to the heart from all body regions inferior to the diaphragm

Front 68

paired renal veins

Back 68

bring blood from the kidneys

Front 69

hepatic veins

Back 69

brings blood from the liver

Front 70

anterior and posterior tibial veins

Back 70

brings blood from the front and back of the leg

Front 71

hepatic portal system

Back 71

drains digestive viscera into the liver where blood is detoxified and nutrient balance adjusted

Front 72

portal system blood flow

Back 72

from artery to capillary to artery/venule to capillary to vein