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20 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
varicose veins
leaky venous valves cause veins to become dilated & twisted in appearance
phlebitis
inflammation of a vein, usually in a lower limb
gangrene
localized death and decomposition of body tissue, resulting from either obstructed circulation or bacterial infection
anastamoses
union of the branches of two or more arteries supplying the same body region
arteriosclerosis
group of diseases characterized by thickening of the walls of arteries and loss of elasticity
atherosclerosis
progressive disease characterized by the formation in the walls of the large and medium sized arteries of lesions called atherosclerotic plaques
CVAs
"stroke"

sudden death of some brain cells due to lack of oxygen when the blood flow to the brain is impaired by blockage or rupture of an artery to the brain
ischemia
lack of sufficient blood to a body part due to a obstruction or constriction of a blood vessel
hypertension
abnormally high blood pressure
aneurysm
abnormal widening or ballooning of a portion of an artery due to weakness in the wall of the blood vessel
hemorrhoids
varicose veins in the anal canal
sphygmomanometer
device used to measure blood pressure
Korotkoff sounds
various sounds heard while taking blood pressure
systolic pressure
force of blood pressure on arterial walls just after ventricular contraction
diastolic pressure
force exerted by blood remaining in arteries during ventricular relaxation
vascular resistance
resistance to flow that must be overcome to push blood through the circulatory system
blood pressure
force exerted by blood against the walls of blood vessels due to contraction of the heart and influenced by the elasticity of the vessel walls

a measure of the pressure in arteries during ventricular systole and ventricular diastole
renin-angiotensin-aldosterone (RAA) system
1. when blood flow to kidneys decrease, juxtaglomerular cells release renin in bloodstream

2. renin+angiotensin-converting enzyme=angiotensin Ii
a) vasoconstrictor raising blood pressure by increasing systemic vascular resistance
b) stimulates aldosterone secretion that increases Na ions & water reabsorption, which increases total blood volume and increases blood pressure
antidiuretic (ADH) mechanism
produced by hypothalamus, released from posterior pituitary due to dehydration or decreased blood volume

vasopressin (causes vasoconstriction which increases blood pressure)

promotes water movement from kidney lumen to bloodstream, increasing blood volume but decreasing urine output
baroreceptor mechanism
when blood pressure falls, baroreceptors have delayed signals to CV center

CV center stimulates sympathetic stimulation with NE & E, increasing systemic vascular resistance and CO & returning heart rate to normal