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4 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Bile Sequestrants - Colestipol HCI (Colestid) - Colesevelam (Welchol) - Cholestyramine (Questran) |
Indications: Treat type IIA hyperlipidemia (hypercholesterolemia) when dietary changes fail
Adverse reactions: - abdominal pain, nausea, and vomiting, distention, flatulence, bleching, constipation - reduced absorption of lipid soluble vitamins: A, D, E, and K - Alteration in absorption of other oral medications
Nursing implication: - Teach client to mix powder forms with adequate amounts of liquid or fruits high in moisture content such applesauce to prevent accidental inhalation or esophageal distress - Monitor prothrombin times - Assess for visual changes and rickets - Administer other oral medications 1 hour before or 6 hours after giving bile sequestrants |
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HMG-CoA Reductase Inhibitors (Statins) - Atorvastatin (Lipitor) - Fluvastatin (Lescol) - Pravastatin (Pravachol) - Simvastatin (Zocor) - Lovastatin (Mevacor) - Pitavastatin (Livalo) - Rosuvastatin (Crestor) |
Indications: lower cholesterol level
Adverse Reactions: side effects similar to bile sequestrants
Nursing implications: - obtain liver enzyme baseline and monitor every 6 months - monitor CPK levels - review specific drug-food interaction; avoid grapefruit juice - timing with or without food varies with drug - instruct client to report varies with drug - instruct client to report any muscle tenderness - monitor dose limits when interacting medications prescribed |
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Fibric Acid Derivatives - Gemfibrate (Lopid) - Fenofibric acid (Trilipix) - Clotfibrate (Claripex) |
Indications: Used with diet changes to lower elevated cholesterol and triglycerides
Adverse reactions: - Abdominal and epigatric pain; diarrhea most common - Flatulence, nausea and vomiting - Heartburn - Dyspepsia - Gallstones - Tricor: weakness, fatigue, headache - Myopathy
Nursing Implication: - Obtain baseline labs: liver function, CBC, and electrolytes; monitor every 3-6 months - Administer Lopid 30 min before breakfast and dinner - Administer Tricor with meals |
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Water-Soluble Vitamins - Niacin (Niaspin) - Nicotinic acid (Nicobid) |
Indications: Large doses decreases lipoprotein and triglyceride synthesis and increases HDL
Adverse reaction: - Flushing of face and neck - Pruritus and headache - othostatic hypotension - Extended release: hepatotoxicity - hyperglycemia, hyperuricemia, upper GI distress
Nursing implication: - Give with milk or food to avoid GI irritation - Client to change positions slowly - Instruct client taking extended release form to report darkened urine, light-colored stools, anorexia, yellowing of eyes or skin, severe stomach pain |
