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13 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Alpha Adrenergic Antagonist Agents
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Action:blocks Alpha Adrenergic receptors; reduce peripheral vascular tone, causing dilation of arterioles and veins and decreases BP
Side Effects: dizziness, palpitations, orthostatic hypotension, drowsiness Examples: Cardura (doxazosin), Minipress (prazosin), Hytrin (terazosin) |
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Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme (ACE) Inhibitor Agents
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Action: decrease BP and afterload by suppressing enzyme that converts Ang 1 to Ang 2
Side Effects: hypotension, dizziness, dry cough, hyperkalemia, hyponatremia Examples: Capoten (captopril), Vasotec (enalapril), Prinivil (lisinopril), Altace (ramipril) |
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Angitensin 2 Receptor Antagonist Agents
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Action: Angiotensin 2 receptor antagonists block angitensin 2 receptors which limit vasoconstriction and stimulation of vascular tissue
Side Effects: dizziness, back and leg pain, angina pectoris Examples: Cozaar(losataran), Atacand (candesartan), Diovan (valsartan) |
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Antiarrythmic Agents
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Types:
Class 1: Na channel blockers, control cardiac excitation and conduction Class 2: Beta blockers, inhibit sympathetic activity by blocking beta-andrenergic receptors Class 3: prolong repol Class 4 Ca channel blockers, depress depot and slow conduction through the AV node |
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Anticoagulant Agents
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Action: inhibit platelet aggregation and thrombus formation
Side Effects: hemorrhage, increased risk of bleeding, GI distress with oral medication Examples: Heparin, Coumadin (warafin), Lovenox (enoxaparin) |
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Antihyperlipidemia Agents
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Actions lipid modifying agents; most common are statins which limit cholesterol synthesis, breakdown LDL, decrease triglycerides, and increase HDL
Side Effects: H/A, GI distress, myalgia, rash Examples: Lipitor (atorvastin), Zocor (simvastin), Tricor (fenobibrate) |
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Antithrombotic (antiplatelet) Agents
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Actions: inhibit platelet aggregation and clot formation
Side Effects: hemorrhage, thrombocytopenia, potential liver toxicity with use of aspirin, GI distress Examples: Bayer (aspirin), Plavix (clopidogrel), Persantine (dipyridamole) |
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Beta Blocker Agents (Beta Andrenergic)
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Actions: decrease myocardial oxygen demand by decreasing HR and contractility
Side effects: bradycardia, cardiac arrhythmia's, fatigue, depression, dizziness, weakness, and blurred vision Examples: Tenormin 9atenolol), Lopressor (metropolol), Inderal (propanolol) |
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Calcium Channel Blockers
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Action: decrease entry of Ca int smooth vascular mm causing a decrease in myocardial contraction, vasodilation, and decrease oxygen demand of the heart
Side effects: dizziness, H/A, hypotension, peripheral edema Examples: Norvasc (amlodipine), Procardia (nifedipine), Calan (diltiazem) |
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Diuretic Agents
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Action: increase secretion of Na and urine causing a reduction in plasma volume which decreases BP
Side Effects: dehydration, hypotension, electrolyte imbalance, polyuria, increased LDL, arrythmias Examples: Thiazide: Diuril (chlorothiazide); Loop: Lasix (furosemide); K+ sparing: Dyrenium (triamterene) |
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Nitrate Agents
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Actions: decrease ischemia through smooth muscle relaxation and dilation of peripheral vessels
Side effects: H/A, dizziness, orthostatic hypotension, reflex tachycardia, nausea, vomiting Examples: Nitrostat (nitroglycerin), Isodril ( isosorbide dinitrate), Amyl nitrite solution for inhaling |
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Positive Inotropic Agents
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Action: increase force and velocity of myocardial contraction, slow the HR, decrease conduction velocity through the AV node and decrease activation of sympathetic nervous system
Side effects: cardiac arrythmias, GI distress, dizziness, blurred vision Examples: Lanoxin (digoxin) |
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Thromobolytic Agents
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Action: facilitate clot dissolotion through conversion of plasminogen to plasmin breaking down the clot
Side effects: Hemorrhage, allergic reaction, cardiac arrhythmia Examples: Linlytic (urokinase), Activase (alteplase) |
